José Giral

José Giral y Pereira (22 October 1879 – 23 December 1962) was a Spanish politician, who served as the 75th Prime Minister of Spain during the Second Spanish Republic.

Life Giral was born in Santiago de Cuba. He had degrees in Chemistry and Pharmacy from the University of Madrid. In 1905 he became professor of chemistry in the University of Salamanca. He founded Acción Republicana with Manuel Azaña. During the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera he conspired against the regime, and was imprisoned three times. When the Second Republic was declared, he was named director of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid and advisor of State. Between 1931 and 1933 he served as Minister of the Navy.

After the failure of Diego Martínez Barrio to form a government to restrain the military revolt of 17 July 1936, Azaña ordered Giral to form a new government constituted exclusively by republicans. Giral's government lasted from 19 July to 4 September 1936. Then, with the fall of Talavera de la Reina and the Army of Morocco within reach of Madrid, Giral was forced to cede power to Francisco Largo Caballero.

After the end of the Spanish Civil War he went to France, then to Mexico. In 1945 he succeeded Juan Negrín as prime minister of the Spanish Republican government in Exile until 1947.

He died in Mexico.

He married María Luisa González y de la Calle.

Cabinet Members of Giral's cabinet of 19 July 1936 – 4 September 1936 were: Ministry Start End Officeholder PartyPremier 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 José Giral Republican Left State (Foreign Affairs) 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Augusto Barcía Trelles Republican Left Justice 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Manuel Blasco Garzón Republican Union War 19 July 1936 6 August 1936 General Luis Castello Pantoja Army 6 August 1936 4 September 1936 Juan Hernández Saravia Army Navy 19 July 1936 22 August 1936 José Giral Republican Left 22 August 1936 4 September 1936 Francisco Maíz Sánchez Interior 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 General Sebastián Pozas Perea Army Finance 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Republican Left Industry and Commerce 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Plácido Álvarez-Buylla Lozana Republican Union Communications and Merchant Marine 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Bernardo Giner de los Ríos Republican Union Public Works 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Antonio Velao Oñate Republican Left Agriculture 19 July 1939 4 September 1936 Mariano Ruiz-Funes García Republican Left Education and Fine Arts 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Francisco Barnés Salinas Republican Left Labor, Health and Planning 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Joan Lluhí Republican Left of Catalonia