Camillo Mercalli

Camillo Mercalli (Savona, 18 July 1882 – Turin, 13 November 1974) was an Italian general during World War II.

Biography

He was born in Savona on 18 July 1882, the son of Antonio Mercalli and Gabriella Marchesi Massimino, and after enlisting in the Royal Italian Army he participated in the Italo-Turkish War, where he was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor for having distinguished himself during the battle of Psitos, in Rhodes, on May 16, 1912. He then fought during the First World War, where he was decorated with a War Cross for Military Valor.

Between 1919 and 1923 he was a tactical instructor at the Army War School in Turin. On 5 September 1934 he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General, and became commander of the "Superga" Infantry Brigade. In 1937 he became Chief of Staff of the 1st Infantry Division "Superga", being promoted to Major General on 1 July of the same year; in 1938 he assumed command of the 26th Infantry Division Assietta. On 21 December 1939 he assumed command of the IV Corps, being promoted to Lieutenant General on 1 January 1940. He was at the head of the IV Corps, part of the 4th Army of General Alfredo Guzzoni, when Italy entered the Second World War.

With the IV Corps, Mercalli participated in the campaign against France, and then in the war against Greece, earning two Silver Medals of Military Valor for his behaviour during the Greek offensive in January and during the final Italian offensive in April 1941. He was then replaced by General Carlo Spatocco at the head of the IV Corps, and between 29 November 1941 and 30 September 1942 he held the position of commander-in-chief of the Italian Armed Forces in Albania, with headquarters in Tirana. From 1 October 1942 he was replaced by General Lorenzo Dalmazzo and returned to Italy, where in December he assumed the post of commander of the XXXI Army Corps with headquarters in Soveria Mannelli, operating within the 7th Army of General Mario Arisio. The XXXI Corps was tasked with the defense of Calabria and was composed of the 104th Infantry Division Mantova and of four coastal divisions (211th, 212th, 213th and 214th).

He died in Turin on November 13, 1974.