Allan Houser

Teaching

In 1949, Houser received a Guggenheim Fellowship in sculpture and painting, which granted him two years to work on art and still provide for his growing family.

From 1952 to 1962, Houser worked as an art teacher at the Intermountain Indian School in Brigham City, Utah, which was primarily a Navajo boarding school. The Intermountain years gave Houser time to teach, raise a family, and focus on his painting. He completed hundreds of paintings there, experimenting with watercolors, oils, and other media. While at Intermountain, he also worked as a children's book illustrator, providing drawings and paintings for seven titles – including an illustrated biography on the life of his grand-uncle Geronimo. One of his notable students at the Intermountain Indian School was artist Robert Chee.

In 1962, Houser was asked to join the faculty of a new Native American art school, the Institute of American Indian Arts. He returned to Santa Fe with his family to head up the institute's sculpture department. Casting his first bronzes in 1967, Houser was a student and teacher as well, bringing forth his own history and ideas for a student body from every corner of Native America. He began working with the iconographies of other tribes, using modernist sculptural influences to forge the tribal and the abstract into a visual lexicon all his own.

During the early 1970s, Houser continued to teach at the Institute and began the rigorous production and exhibition cycle for which he became well known. As head of the sculpture department, he felt compelled to work in as many sculptural media as possible, evidenced by his solo exhibition of stone, bronze, and welded steel sculptures at the Heard Museum in Phoenix, Arizona in 1970. The following year, Houser exhibited paintings and sculpture at the Philbrook Museum of Art in Tulsa, and in 1973 was awarded the gold medal in Sculpture at the Heard Museum Exhibition.

Exhibitions, awards, and accolades continued. In 1975, he was asked to paint the official portrait of former U.S. Secretary of the Interior Stewart Udall. That same year, he had a solo exhibition at the Governor's Gallery at the State Capitol in Santa Fe. After thirteen years at IAIA, Houser retired from full-time teaching to devote himself to sculpture.

Later work

After Houser's retirement in 1975, he worked on his art at the family compound in southern Santa Fe County, Houser honed the visual language that he was to be known for. Fusing Native subject matter with the abstract forms and sculptural voids of his Modernist peers, his images include Lead Singer, Abstract Crown Dancer, and The Mystic.

Via Gambaro Gallery launched by Retha Walden Gambaro and Stephen Gambaro to spotlight contemporary Native American artists featured Houser's work in its Indian Artists, 1977 exhibition. The exhibition credited Houser for influencing several generations of Native American artists and the success of sculpture as a contemporary Native American art form.

In 1985, Houser's monumental bronze, Offering of the Sacred Pipe, was dedicated at the U.S. Mission to the United Nations in New York City. A year later, he made a bronze bust of Geronimo to commemorate the hundredth anniversary of the surrender of the Chiricahua Apaches. A cast of the bust was later presented to the National Portrait Gallery, where it remains in the permanent collection.

In his last five years, Houser produced a remarkable number of pieces, and received many awards for his life's work. In 1989, he dedicated As Long as the Waters Flow, a monumental bronze commissioned for the Oklahoma State Capitol building in Oklahoma City. In 1991, he presented a casting of a bronze Sacred Rain Arrow to the Smithsonian Institution. In the dedication before the US Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs, he dedicated the work to the American Indian. And in 1992, he became the first Native American to receive the National Medal of Arts, awarded at a ceremony at the White House by President George H. W. Bush.

In 1993, Houser was honored by the dedication of the Allan Houser Art Park at the Institute of American Indian Arts, and in 1994, he returned to Washington, DC for the last time to present the United States government the sculpture, May We Have Peace, a gift, he said, "To the people of the United States from the First Peoples." The gift was accepted by First Lady Hillary Clinton for installation at the Vice President's residence at Number One Observatory Circle.

Drawings Houser's primary skill as a draftsman is evident in the astounding volume of drawn work that was left behind in the Allan Houser Archive, located at the Houser family compound and sculpture garden in southern Santa Fe County, New Mexico. With over 6,000 images left behind, one can trace the output and varied subjects of an artist who began all of his creations, including paintings and sculptures, with the act of hand to paper.

Sculptures While Houser's early career was marked by his drawings and paintings, it was for sculpture that he eventually became a world-renowned artist. Beginning in 1940 with simple wood carvings, Houser created his first monumental work in stone in 1949, the iconic piece Comrades in Mourning at the Haskell Institute in Lawrence, Kansas. In the following year, he would receive the Guggenheim Fellowship. However, it would be quite some time before he had the time and resources to produce more.

Collections Allan Houser's work can be found in collections all over the world. Below is a select list.

Albuquerque Museum, Albuquerque, New Mexico Albuquerque International Sunport, New Mexico Allard School of Law, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Baker Museum, Artis–Naples, Naples, Florida Buffalo Bill Historical Center, Cody, Wyoming British Royal Collection, London, England Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, France Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, Colorado Springs, Colorado Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, California Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire Denver Art Museum, Denver, Colorado Eiteljorg Museum, Indianapolis, Indiana Haskell Indian Nations University, Lawrence, Kansas Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona Institute of American Indian Arts Museum, Santa Fe, New Mexico James A. Michener Art Museum, Doylestown, Pennsylvania Japanese Royal Collection, Tokyo, Japan [(Montclair Art Museum)], Montclair, New Jersey National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma National Museum of American Art, Washington, DC. National Museum of the American Indian, Washington, DC. National Museum of Wildlife Art, Jackson Hole, Wyoming National Portrait Gallery, Washington, DC. New Mexico Museum of Art, Santa Fe, New Mexico New Mexico State Capitol, Santa Fe, New Mexico Norman Rockwell Museum, Stockbridge, Massachusetts Oklahoma State Capitol, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Palm Springs Desert Museum, California Philbrook Museum of Art, Tulsa, Oklahoma Sam and Alfreda Maloof Foundation, Alta Loma, CA Sundance Institute, Sundance, Utah U.S. Mission at the United Nations, New York, New York Tucson Museum of Art, Tucson, Arizona University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma Western Spirit: Scottsdale's Museum of the West, Scottsdale, Arizona Wheelwright Museum, Santa Fe, New Mexico

Legacy

Allan Houser died of colon cancer in Santa Fe, New Mexico, at the age of eighty on August 22, 1994.

The installation of 19 monumental works of art in Salt Lake City during the 2002 Olympics, and a retrospective of 69 works at the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, DC. in 2004—2005 honored him. The exhibition marked the first major show for the new museum, and over three million people viewed it while it was on display.

His two sons have achieved success as sculptors, Philip Haozous and Bob Haozous, and his grandson, Sam Atakra Haozous, an experimental photographer. The non-profit Allan Houser Foundation is devoted to the proliferation of the Houser name. The family also maintains a commercial gallery of Allan Houser's work in downtown Santa Fe and the Allan Houser Compound, a foundry and sculpture garden located south of Santa Fe.

In 2018, Houser became one of the inductees in the first induction ceremony held by the National Native American Hall of Fame.

A figural group created by Houser in 1990 was moved to the Oval Office when Joe Biden began his presidency in 2021. The sculpture depicting a running horse and a Native male rider is currently placed on one of the shelves in the president's office and was previously exhibited at the National Museum of the American Indian.

Exhibitions Allan Houser's work continues to receive academic and institutional exposure. His estate works with museums, art galleries, and public spaces around the world on ongoing exhibits. Houser's abstract and modernist works were exhibited at Grounds for Sculpture in Hamilton, New Jersey (2008), and his major works were shown at the Heard Museum and the Desert Botanical Garden in Phoenix, Arizona in November 2009. In 2008 the Oklahoma History Center held a major exhibition, "Unconquered: Allan Houser and the Legacy of one Apache Family," that looks at three generations of the Haozous/Houser family.

Houser's work was part of Stretching the Canvas: Eight Decades of Native Painting (2019–21), a survey at the National Museum of the American Indian George Gustav Heye Center.

Major collections of Allan Houser's work can also be found in museums around the United States and the world.