Xösäyen Yamaşef

Yamaşev Xösäyen Minhacetdin ulı (pronounced in Tatar; Cyrillic: Ямашев Хөсәен Минһаҗетдин улы; ; transl. Yamashev Khusain Mingazetdinovich, 1882–1912) was a Tatar social democrat revolutionary and publicist. In the Soviet Tatarstan he was known as "The First Tatar Bolshevik".

Xösäyen Yamaşev was born in Kazan, in the family of affluent merchant. He studied in prestigious Märcaniä and Möxämmädiä madrassas in 1890-1893 and 1893-1897 correspondingly and in Tatar Teachers' School in 1897–1902. There he adopted the Marxist ideas. After entering Kazan State University he routinely visit the Marxist circle. Yamaşev entered the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1903, in 1905 becoming a member of Kazan committee of the party.

During 1905 Revolution he prepared an armed revolt, organized workers' Marxist circles. Xösäyen Yamaşev managed the translation of the Marxist literature into the Tatar language. His brochures "Ürmäküç häm çeben" ("The Spider and the Fly"), "Berençe adım" ("The First Step") and many others, as well as leaflets, were printed in the cellar of his revolutionary friend Dulat Ali. In January 1907 Yamaşev established the first legal Tatar Bolshevist gazette Ural in Orenburg, an organ of RSDLP Ural and Ufa Committee. Yamaşev died in 1912 because of a cerebral hemorrhage, five years before the Bolshevik Revolution. He was buried on Yaña-Tatar cemetery. In 1971 Xösäyen Yamaşev Prize was established in Tatarstan for journalists.

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