W. John Kress

Walter John Emil Kress (born March 4, 1951) is an American botanist and the vice-president for science at the National Museum of Natural History. He currently holds the appointment as the Director of the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet at the Smithsonian Institution and is the former Executive Director of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.

Early life and education Kress was born in Illinois on March 4, 1951.

Kress received his education at Harvard University (B.A.,1975) and Duke University (Ph.D., 1981), studying tropical ecology, plant systematics, pollination ecology, and ethnobotany.

Kress' travels to tropical regions began as a graduate student, where he conducted post-doctorate research in Colombia. His dissertation was mainly focused on the plants in the genus Heliconia. Kress focused on both the systematics and the plant-animal interactions of this group. His research later took him to Las Cruces Botanic Garden in San Vito, where he studied what factors may prevent species hybridization. He is responsible for the collection of many of the Zingiberales from around the country that exist in the botanic garden today.

Research Kress is now the vice-president of science at the National Museum of Natural History, where he formerly held positions of Curator and Chairman of the Department of Botany. Kress' publications regarding the Anthropocene warn that human-created complexes, still-to-be-resolved issues, including the impacts of climate change, will endanger humanity's future if they are not addressed immediately.

Systematics and taxonomy Published findings by Kress include the lineages of and the divergence of Zingiberales. His research found that speciation from the remaining monocots occurred approximately 124 million years ago. In addition to discovering that major family-level lineages become established in the late Cretaceous (80–110 mya), his research also found that crown lineages within families began diversifying in the early to mid-Tertiary (29–64 mya).

He aided in developing an award-winning smartphone app, Leafsnap, and works as the Principal Investigator of the Leaf Project at the Smithsonian. It is the first mobile tree identification smartphone app, and was a collaboration between Columbia University and the University of Maryland.

Conservation His role in collection management at the Smithsonian Institution has made him a spokesman for the importance of collections, explaining how the worldwide decline of specimens in the natural world increases their inherent value. He claims that as the world ages and the natural world changes, museum collections serve as a record for phenology as well as preserve beyond nature. Many of his publications advocate for the conservation of tropical plants, specifically, Zingiberales. His role as the director of the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet at the Smithsonian Institution has made him a proponent of humans living sustainably prior to irreversible damage occurring to the planet. The consortium originated from a strategic 10-year plan put in place by the Smithsonian Institution to create interdisciplinary work by scholars both related and not related to the Institution. Sustained by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the consortium promotes interactions between scholars in complementary fields and has facilitated new avenues of thought in scientific endeavors. Kress, as Director of the Biodiversity and Sustainability Consortium, brings together scientists from numerous fields to address broad research projects that dive deep into questions on biology with relevant societal impacts. Museum collections that Kress manages have aided in the advancement of knowledge and understanding of both life on the planet and how it can be sustained. Additionally, since 1997 he has held the seat as Executive Director of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. 2013: Parker/Gentry Award for Excellence and Innovation in Conservation and Environmental Biology from the Field Museum 2018: Edward O. Wilson Biodiversity Technology Pioneer Award