Sergey Girinis

Sergey Vladimirovich Girinis (, , 1882–1961), until 1919 known as Raul Isaakovich Ginzburg (, ), was a Soviet revolutionary, journalist and trade unionist. He was a leading figure in the labour movement in Vilna (Vilnius) in the 1910s, adhering to a Menshevik-Internationalist line. He later joined the Communist Party of Lithuania. After a prisoner exchange, he was based in Moscow and represented Lithuanian trade unions in the Red International of Labour Unions (Profintern). Girinis was a prolific writer, authoring different works on political theory and history.

Early life Raul Ginzburg was born on 10 April 1882 in village, Roslavlsky Uyezd, Smolensk Governorate. After graduating from the in 1900–1901, Ginzburg went on to study at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. There he became involved in the revolutionary movement and he soon found himself expelled from the conservatory. During the spring of 1918, Ginzburg's group took part in the united internationalist social democrat platform in Vilna (along with former members of the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party and the small communist cell). Afterwards, Ginzburg's faction regrouped as the Social Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania and Belorussia (internationalists). This party upheld a Menshevik-Internationalist line. During the summer of 1918, Ginzburg escaped to Petrograd to avoid persecution by the German military authorities.

He wrote books seeking to popularize Marxism-Leninism to wider audiences. He was survived by his daughter, Olga Sergeevna Rivkina.