Robert Wurtz

Robert H. Wurtz is an American neuroscientist working as a NIH Distinguished Scientist and Chief of the Section on Visuomotor Integration at the National Eye Institute. He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is recognized for developing methods for studying the visual system in "awake-behaving" primates (as opposed to those under anesthesia), a technique now widely used for the study of higher brain functions. He pioneered the study of the neuronal basis of vision and its relation with cognitive functions.

Early life and education

Robert Wurtz was born in Saint Louis, Missouri and grew up in the nearby suburb of Webster Groves. He was the only child of Robert Henry Wurtz. His father was a factory superintendent for the Mavrakos Candy Company and his mother, Alice Edith (Popplewell), was a bookkeeper at the same company.

Wurtz developed an interest in experimental psychology and physiology of the nervous system, and subsequently studied psychology under James Olds at University of Michigan.

Professional career

In 1966, Wurtz joined the Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, in Bethesda, Maryland. He began studies on the visual system of awake in monkeys and made groundbreaking works on neurobiology of vision and eye movements. During this time he spent a year (1975-1976) as a visiting scientist at the Physiological Laboratory at Cambridge University in England. He became the founding Chief of the Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute in 1978. In 2002, he stepped down as chief of the laboratory, but has remained as a senior investigator.

His 1969 publications became classic papers on this technique of studying the physiology of the visual system, and now used by cognitive neuroscientists around the world.

Personal life

Robert Wurtz married Sally Smith, a fellow student at Oberlin, c. 1955. They have a son William and a daughter Erica. Karl Spencer Lashley Award, American Philosophical Society (1995) Friedenwald Award, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (1996) Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award, American Psychological Association (1997) Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences (1997) Dan David Prize for the Future Time Dimension: “Brain Sciences” (2004) Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience (2006) Honorary Doctor of Science, Oberlin College (2009) Grass Lecture, Society for Neuroscience (2009) Gruber Prize in Neuroscience (2010)