Joseph Leopold Eybler

Joseph Leopold Eybler (8 February 1765 – 24 July 1846) was an Austrian composer and contemporary of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Life Eybler was born into a musical family in Schwechat near Vienna. His father was a teacher, choir director and friend of the Haydn family. Joseph Eybler studied music with his father before attending Stephansdom (the cathedral school of St. Stephen's Boys College) in Vienna. He studied composition under Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, who declared him to be the greatest musical genius in Vienna apart from Mozart. He also received praise from Haydn who was his friend, distant cousin and patron.

In 1792 he became choir director at the Karmeliterkirche (Carmelite Church) in Vienna. Two years later he moved to the Schottenkloster, where he remained for the next thirty years (1794–1824). Eybler also held court posts, including that of court Kapellmeister (chapel master) (1824–33). The Empress Marie Therese commissioned many works from him, including the Requiem in C minor (1803).

Friendship with Mozart

Through Joseph Haydn, Eybler met Mozart, who gave him some lessons and entrusted him with the rehearsal of his opera Così fan tutte. Eybler also conducted some performances of Così fan tutte.

On May 30, 1790, Mozart wrote a testimonial for the young Eybler: "I, the undersigned, attest herewith that I have found the bearer of this, Herr Joseph Eybler, to be a worthy pupil of his famous master Albrechtsberger, a well-grounded composer, equally skilled at chamber music and the church style, fully experienced in the art of the song, also an accomplished organ and clavier player; in short a young musician such, one can only regret, as so seldom has his equal."

Mozart and Eybler remained friends to the end. As Eybler wrote: "I had the good fortune to keep his friendship without reservation until he died, and carried him, put him to bed and helped to nurse him during his last painful illness."

After Mozart's death, Constanze Mozart asked Eybler to complete her husband's Requiem. Eybler tried but could not complete the commission perhaps, it is thought, because of his great respect for the music of his friend Mozart. (Franz Xaver Süßmayr completed the task).

Last years In 1833 Eybler had a stroke while conducting Mozart's Requiem and thereafter could not fulfill his duties at the Court. For his service to the Court, Eybler was raised to the nobility in 1835 and was known henceforth as Joseph Leopold, Edler von Eybler. He died in Vienna on 24 July 1846.

Works list

HV 1 \ Missa Sancti Hermani in C major HV 2 \ Missa Sancti Michaelis in C major HV 3 \ Missa Sancti Ludovici in C major HV 4 \ Missa Sancti Mauritii in C major HV 5 \ Missa Coronationis Ferdinandi V Regis Hungariae in C major HV 6 \ Missa Sancti Alberti in C major HV 7 \ Missa in C major HV 8 \ Missa Sancti Bennonis in C minor HV 9 \ Missa Sancti Caroli in C minor HV 10 \ Missa Sancti Joannis in C minor HV 11 \ Missa Sancti Wolfgangi in D minor HV 12 \ Missa Sancti Leopoldi in D minor HV 13 \ Missa Sancti Ignatii in E-flat major HV 14 \ Missa Sanctae Andreae in E-flat major HV 15 \ Missa Sanctorum Apostolorum in E-flat major HV 16 \ Missa Sancti Clementis in E major HV 17 \ Missa Sancti Josephi in F major HV 18 \ Missa Sancti Maximiliani in F major HV 19 \ Missa Sancti Rudolphi in F major HV 20 \ Missa Sancti Raineri in F major HV 21 \ Missa Sancti Sigismundi in F major HV 22 \ Missa Sanctae Eleonorae in G major HV 23 \ Missa Sancti Georgii in G major HV 24 \ Missa Sanctae Sophiae in G major HV 25 \ Missa pro Sabbato Sancto in G major HV 26 \ Missa Sancti Ferdinandi in G minor HV 27 \ Missa Sancti Thaddaei in A-flat major HV 28 \ Missa Sanctae Elisabethae in A minor HV 29 \ Missa Sanctae Theresiae in B-flat major HV 30 \ Missa Sancti Francisci in B-flat major HV 31 \ Missa Sancti Theodori in B-flat major HV 32 \ Missa Sancti Antonii in B-flat major HV 33 \ Missa Sanctae Annae in B-flat major HV 34 \ Gloria & Incarnatus for Michael Haydn's Missa in D minor HV 35 \ Kyrie ad Missam in Coena Domini in E minor HV 36 \ Sanctus in C major HV 37 \ Requiem in C minor HV 38 \ Graduale: Quem tuus amor ebriat in C major HV 39 \ Graduale: Cantate Domino in C major HV 40 \ Graduale: Omnes de Saba venient in C major HV 41 \ Graduale: Sperate in Deo omnis in C major HV 42 \ Graduale: Domine Deus omnium creator in C major HV 43 \ Graduale: Unam petii in C major HV 44 \ Graduale: Per te Dei Genitrix in C major HV 45 \ Graduale: Lauda Sion salvatorem in C major HV 46 \ Graduale: Os justi meditabitur sapientiam in C minor HV 47 \ Graduale: Nocte surgentes vigilemus omnes in D major HV 48 \ Graduale: Ecce sacerdos magnus in D major HV 49 \ Graduale: Te summe Jesu fontem amoris in D major HV 50 \ Graduale: Tua est potentia in E-flat major HV 51 \ Graduale: Omni die dic Mariae laudes in E-flat major HV 52 \ Graduale: Pater noster in E-flat major HV 53 \ Graduale: Specie tua in F major HV 54 \ Graduale: Christus factus est pro nobis in F major HV 55 \ Graduale: Benedicam Dominum in omni tempore in F major HV 56 \ Graduale: Non in multitudine est virtus tua Domine in F major HV 57 \ Graduale: Alma redemptoris Mater in G major HV 58 \ Graduale: Victimae paschali laudes in G major HV 59 \ Graduale: Beata gens cuius est Deus in G major HV 60 \ Graduale: Peccata dimittis in G major HV 61 \ Graduale: Dies sanctificatus illuxit nobis in G major HV 62 \ Graduale: Dominus in Sina in sancto in G major HV 63 \ Graduale: Tu Domine Pater noster in G major HV 64 \ Graduale: Benedictus es in A-flat major HV 65 \ Graduale: Ave Maria gratia plena in A major HV 66 \ Graduale: Cantate Domino in A major HV 67 \ Graduale: Magnificate Dominum mecum in B-flat major HV 68 \ Graduale: Exaltate Dominum Deum in B-flat major HV 69 \ Graduale: Iste est qui ante Deum in B-flat major HV 70 \ Graduale: Justus ut palma florebit in B-flat major HV 71 \ Graduale: Bone Deus amor Deus in B-flat major HV 72 \ Graduale: Populum humilem salvum in B-flat major HV 73 \ Graduale: Alleluia confitemini Domino in B-flat major HV 74 \ Graduale: Reges Tharsis et Saba in D major (doubtful) HV 75 \ Graduale: Domine cor mundum (doubtful, maybe composed by Oehlinger) HV 76 \ Offertory: Nos populus tuus in C major HV 77 \ Offertory: Jubilate Deo in C major HV 78 \ Offertory: Tui sunt coeli et tua est terra in C major HV 79 \ Offertory: Confirma hoc Deus in C major HV 80 \ Offertory: Ascendit Deus in C major HV 81 \ Offertory: Tres sunt qui testimonium in C major HV 82 \ Offertory: Audite vocem magnam dicentem in C major HV 83 \ Offertory: Surrexit vere tumulo in C major HV 84 \ Offertory in C major (text missing) HV 85 \ Offertory: Terra tremuit et quievit in C minor HV 86 \ Offertory: Si consistent adversum me castra in C minor HV 87 \ Offertory: Timebunt gentes nomen tuum Domine in C minor HV 88 \ Offertory: Domine si observaveris iniquitates in C minor HV 88 \ Offertory: Haec est dies qua candida in D major HV 90 \ Offertory: Summe Deus te semper laudum in D major HV 91 \ Offertory: Jubilate Deo omnis terra in D major HV 92 \ Offertory: Fremit mare cum furore in D minor HV 92 \ Offertory: Laus sit Deo in excelsis in D major HV 94 \ Offertory: Tremit mare in D minor HV 95 \ Offertory: Lux est orta in E-flat major HV 96 \ Offertory: Ad te o summa bonitas in E-flat major HV 97 \ Offertory: Levavi oculos meos in E major HV 98 \ Offertory: Ad te levavi animam meam in F major HV 99 \ Offertory: Confitebor Domino in F major HV 100 \ Offertory: O Maria virgo pia in G major HV 101 \ Offertory: Domine Deus salutis meae in G major HV 102 \ Offertory: Lauda Sion salvatorem in G major (incorrectly attributed to Eybler; correctly: Michael Haydns Offertory Lauda Sion, MH 215) HV 103 \ Offertory: Tecum principium in die virtutis tuae in G major HV 104 \ Offertory: Levavi in montes oculos meos in G minor HV 105 \ Offertory: Confitebor tibi Domine in A major HV 106 \ Offertory: Laudate pueri Dominum in B-flat major HV 107 \ Offertory: Reges Tharsis et insulae munera in B-flat major HV 108 \ Offertory: Magna et mirabilia sunt opera in B-flat major HV 109 \ Offertory: Emitte spiritum tuum in B-flat major HV 110 \ Antiphon: Regina coeli laetare in C major HV 111 \ Antiphon: Regina coeli laetare in D major HV 112 \ Antiphon: Salve Regina in F major HV 113 \ Antiphon: Salve Regina in G major HV 114 \ Te Deum in C major (1807) HV 115 \ Te Deum in C major (1814) HV 116 \ Te Deum in C major (1824) HV 117 \ Te Deum in C major HV 118 \ Te Deum in D major (1800) HV 119 \ Te Deum in D major (1819) HV 120 \ Te Deum in B-flat major HV 121 \ Hymn: Veni sancte spiritus in C major HV 122 \ Hymn: Alleluia in C major HV 123 \ Hymn: Tristes erant apostoli in C minor HV 124 \ Hymn: Iste confessor in D minor HV 125 \ Hymn: Ecce quo modo moritur justus in F major HV 126 \ Hymn: Coelestis urbs Jerusalem in F major HV 127 \ Hymn: Exultet orbis gaudiis in F major HV 128 \ Hymn: Tantum ergo in F major HV 129 \ Hymn: Veni sancte spiritus in G major HV 130 \ Hymn: Jesu nostra redemptio in G major HV 131 \ Hymn: Asperges me Domine HV 132 \ De profundis clamavi in G minor HV 133 \ Laudate Dominum in A minor HV 134 \ Miserere in D minor HV 135 \ Litaniae in F major HV 136 \ Tibi aeterno Deo haec cantica in G major HV 137 \ Die vier letzten Dinge HV 138 \ Die Hirten bei der krippe zu Bethlehem HV 139 \ Dich Schöpfer sanfter Harmonie HV 140 \ Il sacrifizio HV 141 \ Die Macht der Tonkunst HV 142 \ Der Zauberschwert HV 143 \ Overture to Der Zauberschwert for piano in B-flat major HV 144 \ Lied: Ein Weibchen das den ganzen Tag in C major HV 145 \ Lied: Es liebt sich so traulich in E-flat major HV 146 \ Lied: Ich bin in den Blühmond der Rosen in F major HV 147 \ Lied: Von Millionen eine allein in G minor HV 148 \ Lied: Ich will nichts von Liebe wissen in G major HV 149 \ Lied: Sogleich empfand ich beym Erblicken in B-flat major HV 150 \ Lied: Von der treue Arm umwunden in E minor HV 151 \ Scena ed aria for Coriolan HV 152 \ Scena ed quartetto for Coriolan HV 153 \ Vanne torna altro...Combattero da forte in D major HV 154 \ Dov'è la sposa mia...Svenami pur in E-flat major HV 155 \ Sposa d'Emireno tu sei...L'ombra incerta in E-flat major HV 156 \ Die Familie des T.C. Gracchus HV 157 \ Ouverture in C minor, Op. 8 HV 158 \ Symphony in C major HV 159 \ Symphony in D major HV 160 \ Clarinet Concerto in B-flat major HV 161 \ Divertimento für die Faschingsdienstag in D major HV 162 \ 12 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 163 \ 12 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 164 \ 12 Minuets for orchestra HV 165 \ 12 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 166 \ 12 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 167 \ 12 Minuets for orchestra HV 168 \ 8 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 169 \ 8 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 170 \ 7 Minuets with trios for orchestra HV 171 \ 5 Minuets with trios for orchestra (2 are lost) HV 172 \ 13 German Dances for orchestra HV 173 \ 12 German Dances for orchestra HV 174 \ 12 German Dances with trios for orchestra (lost) HV 175 \ 12 German Dances for orchestra (lost) HV 176 \ 8 German Dances with trios for orchestra HV 177 \ Contredanze con 6 alternativi for orchestra HV 178 \ 3 Contredances for orchestra HV 179 \ Eccossè con 6 alternativi for orchestra HV 180 \ Dances for orchestra HV 181 \ Polonaise for orchestra in C major HV 182 \ String Sextet in D major HV 183 \ String Quintet Op. 5 in E-flat major HV 184 \ Viola d'amore Quintet in D major HV 185 \ Viola d'amore Quintet in D major HV 186 \ String Quintet in D major HV 187 \ String Quintet Op. 6 No. 2 in A major HV 188 \ String Quintet Op. 6 No. 1 in B-flat major HV 189 \ Flute Quintet in D major HV 190 \ String Quartet Op. 1 No. 1 in D major HV 191 \ String Quartet Op. 1 No. 2 in C minor HV 192 \ String Quartet Op. 1 No. 3 in B-flat major HV 193 \ String Quartet Op. 10 No. 1 in E-flat major HV 193a \ String Quartet Op. 2 in E-flat major HV 194 \ String Quartet Op. 10 No. 2 in A major HV 194a \ String Quartet Op. 3 in A major HV 195 \ String Quartet Op. 10 No. 3 in C major HV 195a \ String Quartet Op. 4 in C major HV 196 \ Variations "Augustin" for string quartet in G major HV 197 \ String Trio Op. 2 in C major HV 198 \ Piano Trio Op. 4 in E-flat major HV 199 \ Sonata for piano & violin Op. 9 No. 1 in C major HV 200 \ Sonata for piano & violin Op. 9 No. 2 in F major HV 201 \ Sonata for piano & violin Op. 9 No. 3 in B-flat major HV 202 \ Sonata for piano & violin in E-flat major HV 203 \ Sonata for 2 cellos Op. 7 No. 1 in G major HV 204 \ Sonata for 2 cellos Op. 7 No. 2 in D minor HV 205 \ 12 Minuets for piano HV 206 \ 12 German Dances with trios for piano HV 207 \ 12 German Dances with trios for piano HV 208 \ 12 Minuets with trios for piano HV 209 \ 12 German Dances for piano HV 210 \ 8 German Dances with trios for piano HV 211 \ 12 Dances for piano HV 212 \ 9 Dances for piano "Alexander's Favorit" HV 213 \ 10 Variations for piano in F major HV 214 \ 12 Variations for piano in A major HV 215 \ 12 Variations for piano HV 216 \ 3 Marches for piano HV 217 \ 12 Lieder HV 218 \ Lied: Auf Weihnacht in E major HV 219 \ Lied: Klagtöne in A-flat major HV 220 \ Lied: Das Wohltun (lost) HV 221 \ Lied: Von allen Sterblichen auf Erden (lost) HV 222 \ Studies for voice & continuo HV 223 \ Lied: Getröstetes Heimweh in E major HV 224 \ Lied: Danklied an Gott in E major HV 225 \ Lied: Ich will vertrauen in F major HV 226 \ Auf Brüder auf in B-flat major HV 227 \ Des Volkes Wunsch in C major HV 228 \ Canon: Frau Mutter schönen Namenstag in G major HV 229 \ Canon: Des Lebens sich zu freuen in B-flat major HV 230 \ Canon: Wann i a Räuscherl hab in B-flat major HV 231 \ Canon: Wohin du reisest, sei glücklich HV 232 \ Choral: Hymne an Gott in E major HV 233 \ Choral: Abendlied an einen Freund in A minor HV 234 \ Choral: Leichengesang in A-flat major HV 235 \ Ode an Joseph Haydn vom Fräulein Gabriele von Baumberg in C major HV 236 \ Ode an Joseph Haydn vom Fräulein Gabriele von Baumberg in A minor HV 237 \ Choral: Freimaurerkantate in F major HV 238 \ Choral: Aus dem blühenden Vereine (fragment) HV 239 \ Choral: Zufriedenheit mit Wenigen in B-flat major HV 240 \ Es töne dann in rascher Saiten Sturme in D major HV 241 \ Arrangement of Mozart's requiem in D minor HV 242 \ Arrangement of Haydn's Gott erhalte Franz for orchestra in G major HV 243 \ Choral after Haydn's Schöpfung (lost) HV 244 \ Arrangement of Pergolesi's Stabat Mater in F minor HV 245 \ Arrangement of Weigl's overture to Nachtigal und Rabe for piano in F major HV 246 \ Sketches of a Kyrie and a Gloria for a Mass HV 247 \ Mythological Ballet in E-flat major (fragment) HV 248 \ String Trio in E-flat major (fragment) HV 249 \ Choral: Laßt uns ihr Brüder in F major (fragment) HV 250 \ Choral: Der Wanderer in C major (fragment) HV 251 \ Missa Sancti Buon Compleannon in G major for piano