Istrate Micescu

Istrate N. Micescu (22 May 1881 – 22 May 1951) was a Romanian lawyer, Law and Political Science professor at the University of Bucharest's Law Department, and politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania.

Early life and education Micescu was born on 22 May 1881 in Ploiești to one of the families of the nobility in Romania, son of professor and liberal politician Nicolae Micescu and Maria Rădulescu. After graduating in 1899 from the Ion Brătianu High School in Pitești, he studied for a semester at the University of Bucharest. He then went to Sorbonne University in Paris to study law and philology, obtaining his Law degree magna cum laude in 1906. In 1907 he competed against Nicolae Titulescu for an open faculty position at the Law School of the University of Iași, and was successful in securing the appointment. He later transferred to the University of Bucharest, where he was appointed Professor of Civil Law. He formed a group called the Association of Romanian Christian Lawyers, and in November 1935 he made an alliance with Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's fascistic Iron Guard in order to intimidate his political opponents in the Bucharest Bar Association. Micescu was one of the main antisemitic instigators in the Bar Association and, on 7 February 1937 he presided the Bar when it decided to no longer admit Jewish lawyers. On 29 December 1937, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania in the Goga cabinet. He served as Foreign Minister until 10 February 1938.

Micescu was the author of the 1938 Constitution of Romania, which established the monarchic regime of King Carol II of Romania. Although he had previously praised Micescu as being "an eminent jurist," Nicolae Iorga was not pleased with the result: "Our Constitution should be the product of the nation, relying on strict principles of the soul and the manifestations of our people. Our first Constitution was created by a certain Alecu Constantinescu, and that of last February by Istrate Micescu, an idiotic jurist who only sees that which is written in his manuals and that which the king has told him." In December, the National Renaissance Front was formed as the only legally permitted party; Micescu became a member of the ruling council of the party, and a Senator in the new Parliament.

In late November 1939, Micescu served for a week as Minister of Justice in the Fifth Tătărăscu cabinet. As head of the Ministry of Justice he promoted and brutally enacted antisemitic laws.

Imprisonment and death In 1945, after the communist-led government of Petru Groza came to power, Micescu was disbarred. on 1 July 1948 he was sentenced to 20 years of forced labour for conspiracy and rebellion. He was sent to Aiud Prison, where he died three years later, Bound to the land by a passion that had to do with a feudal notion of property, Istrate Micescu used to invest his earnings in small properties, some of which did not return any income. He particularly cared for the one in Ciumești (now Argeșelu, in Mărăcineni commune, in the vicinity of Micești), where the roots of his family were and where he had his most beautiful mansion built.

His most famous property was the Micești mansion, built in 1928 in Neo-Romanian style. The plans were drawn by architect Edmond van Saanen Algi and the building contractor was the well-known engineer C. Corani. Istrate Micescu would invite at his property his friends, including the writers Liviu Rebreanu, Ion Minulescu, Lucian Blaga, and Octavian Goga. He gathered there a valuable library, as well as painting by Jean Alexandru Steriadi, Nicolae Tonitza, Nicolae Grigorescu, and Ștefan Luchian, but it was all scattered away after the establishment of the communist regime (the books were burned after his arrest in 1948 ). The mansion was later used by the Ceaușescu couple as a hunting lodge.