Ida A. Bengtson

Ida Albertina Bengtson (1881–1952) was an American bacteriologist, known for her work with anaerobic organisms. She became the first woman hired to work in the United States Public Health Service's Hygienic Laboratory, at the National Institutes of Health.

Life and education Ida Bengtson was born in Harvard, Nebraska, on January 17, 1881. She attended the University of Nebraska graduating in 1903 with degrees in mathematics and languages. Ida paved the way for the hiring of additional female scientists in the NIH and worked alongside other influential women such as Alice Evans, who went on to serve as the first woman president of the Society of American Bacteriologists.

Main Impacts

Typhus Following her hiring at the NIH, Bengtson helped to discover that the 1917 tetanus outbreak running rampant across the US, could be traced back to a batch of contaminated vaccine scarifiers. After this finding, Bengtson began further researching the infectious diseases presenting themselves in various communities across the United States. This research included the production of a typhus vaccine, and a revolutionary test called the complement fixation test. This test led to findings in regards to detecting the differentiation of diseases including Rocky Mountain spotted Fever and Q fever. The isolate was originally named Bacillus botulinus, after the Latin word for sausage, botulus. ("Sausage poisoning" was a common problem in 18th- and 19th-century Germany, and was most likely caused by botulism.) However, isolates from subsequent outbreaks were always found to be anaerobic spore formers, so Bengtson proposed that the organism be placed in the genus Clostridium as the genus Bacillus was restricted to aerobic spore-forming rods.

Trachoma Based on her work with the US Public Health Service (USPHS), now the National Institutes of Health (NIH), she was moved to Rolla, Missouri, to begin to investigate the trachoma pandemic that was particularly widespread in the region of Alabama, Missouri, Tennessee, and Oklahoma. She arrived in Rolla in 1924 and took her place in the biology lab at the Missouri School of Mines (MSM, now Missouri S&T), in the basement of Parker Hall.

Bengtson ran the trachoma hospital in Rolla, one of only 4 in the country at the time. It was in a small, wood-framed house on Elm Street, but it soon was too small to serve all the people who needed treatment. After Bengtson left Rolla in 1931, a new trachoma hospital was built in 1939, and today houses the Rock Mechanics and Explosives Research Center on S&T's campus.

Toxins She is also known for preparing, during 1935–1936, the standard for gas gangrene toxins and anti-toxins. One of Bengtson's other research interests was typhus, an exceedingly dangerous interest and she, like many other typhus researchers, eventually contracted the disease, although she recovered fully.

Death Ida Albertina Bengstson had a career lasting 30 years. She retired in 1946. She published and contributed substantially to the field of bacteriology and public health. Ida Bengstson died in 1952.