Gustav Heinrich Tammann

Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann ( – 17 December 1938) was a prominent Baltic German chemist-physicist who made important contributions in the fields of glassy and solid solutions, heterogeneous equilibria, crystallization, and metallurgy. Tammann graduated from University of Dorpat in chemistry. He went to Göttingen University in 1903 where he established the first Institute of Inorganic Chemistry in Germany. In 1908 he was appointed director of the Physico-Chemical Institute.

Tammann died in Göttingen at age 77.

Research In 1900, he discovered the phases of ice, now known as ice II and ice III.

Later, his interests focused on the physics and physical chemistry of metals and alloys (metallurgy). He was also known for the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation, and the Tait–Tammann equation of state which seeks to account for the compressibility of liquids.

in 1919, Tammann predicted the order-disorder transition that is found in alloys at low temperatures. Tamman and Otto Heusler also observed an anomaly in the specific heat of a bronze alloy in 1926, related to the critical points of the disorder-order transition. with dedication "The Doyen of German Metallurgy".

Awards Tammann was awarded the following prizes:

Liebig Medal of the Association of German Chemists in 1925 Heyn Medal of the German Society for Materials Science in 1929 Eagle Shield of the German Empire in 1936