Wu Hao

Wu Hao (; born 1932) is a contemporary Taiwanese visual artist who is famous for his oil paintings, graphics, sculpture and woodblock prints. Wu is recognized for combining both Western painting materials and methods with traditional and local Chinese and Taiwanese methods, motifs and themes.

It has been argued that Wu Hao's artistic career corresponds in a parallel manner to the development of Taiwan's political, social and cultural history. Wu is considered to be one of Taiwan's most influential and respected contemporary artists. Characteristically, the artist's work can be described as bright folk-art, which is vibrant, colourful and cheerful.

Early life

Wu Hao was born in Nanking, China in 1932 and was educated at Suzhou Provincial Vocational High School. From a very early age Wu was interested in art and wanted to pursue a career in it. His grandfather was a Chinese brush painter and his mother an embroiderer. Wu's father disapproved of his son's creative urges and wanted him to pursue a career that could more readily support him. In 1949, at the age of 17, the artist migrated solo to Taiwan on the ship ‘New Health’ in order to flee the Civil War that was taking place in China.

Military career

On arrival in Taipei Wu Hao joined the Chinese Air Force as a junior officer. Wu was eventually promoted to a career officer and retired in 1971. In 1967 the Department of National Defence awarded Wu with a medal of exemplary conduct. At this time, Wu could not afford to attend the classes. However, Wu convinced the administrator to give him a job as a part-time assistant, which enabled him to take part in many of the art classes taught by Lee. Art movements regarding freedom, liberation and national identity were particularly important to the teacher. Colleagues and students of Lee's often described him as the “propagandist in the coffee room.” Having studied European painting in Japan prior to World War II, alongside traditional Chinese painting, Lee became an influential figure in the Taiwan art scene. Together with many others, Lee rebelled against traditionalists who criticised the modernist movement and aimed to reunite traditional Chinese and Taiwanese painting with Western art trends and modern abstractions. In 1957, a Tong Fan exhibition was held in Spain, drawing global attention to the movement.

Throughout the 1960s, international communities had great influence on the art scene in Taiwan. Western art schools were institutionalised and taught a variety of styles including Abstractionalism, New-Objectitivism, Neoclassicism, Cubism, Surrealism, Expressionism, Structuralism, Fauvism, Symbolism, Pop Art, Minimalism, Optical Art, and so on. This brought about a revival of the Taiwanese Nativist art movement, in which Wu was extremely influential. The movement is thought to have emerged in 1949, and was typified by a deliberate rejection of Western art techniques that were initially introduced to Taiwan by the Japanese throughout their colonial rule. Furthermore, the movement aimed to portray indigenous Taiwanese cultural forms and their relationship to the Taiwanese social, economic, cultural and political identity.

Wu's prints, for which he is best known, are often characterised by their bright and vibrant colouring and traditional Taiwanese folk like style. Often, Wu would print images depicting scenes of daily activities in the Taiwan countryside, a common theme for many Taiwanese artists of the time. Wu's change to woodblock printing came at a time when Taiwan was becoming increasingly modernised and industrialised. Furthermore, a middle class was emerging with enough money to afford art, which changed the art scene in Taiwan. The prospering flowers in this body of work symbolises how strong Taiwan's identity, culture and heritage is in the contemporary era today. Flowers, (annex 2) painted in 1990, is an example of such a work.

In 1987 Wu became chairman of the Chinese Modern Graphic Society and founded the Lee Chung-Sheng Modern Painting Education Foundation to commemorate the work of his influential past teacher.

Exhibitions

By the late 1950s through to the 1960s and 70s Wu's artworks were included in local and foreign exhibitions around the globe. In 1956, the artist participated in the National Calligraphy and Painting Exhibition of Taiwan. During 1971, the artist had work exhibited in the International Contemporary Graphic Exhibition that travelled between Rome and Milan. Shortly after, in 1972, Wu's work was once again exhibited in Milan, this time as a part of the Mostra International De Xilografia Exhibition. 1973 saw the artist's work included in the Chinese Artists Exhibition, which was held in Washington DC. During 2006, the Metaphysical Art Gallery, located in Taipei, curated a solo exhibition for Wu Hao, entitled Blossoming: Wu Hao Oil Painting Exhibition. Works such as Eight Children and Kites (annex 3), painted in 2001, were displayed showing Wu's revolutionised style of combining the style of woodblock prints with oil painting.