William L. Clements

William Lawrence Clements (1861–1934) was an American businessman and collector of historical works; founder, and donor to the William L. Clements Library at the University of Michigan. In addition, Clements donated more than twenty-million-dollars throughout his life to the university, oversaw a successful business career in the manufacturing and banking industry, and served as a regent of the University of Michigan for twenty-four years.

Early life and schooling William Clements was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, on April 1, 1861, to James and Agnes (Macready) Clements. His father James was a professor at the University of Michigan during a time of great expansion and as such, young William witnessed the university's early development. James Clements rented the family's State Street home from the university, which existed next to the Michigan Union. William Clements grew up on the Ann Arbor campus and attended the Ann Arbor public schools. He later matriculated into the University of Michigan in the year 1878 Together they had three children—two sons and a daughter. Their eldest son, Wallace William Clements was born on September 2, 1889, and followed his father's footsteps and graduated from the University of Michigan. Their daughter Elizabeth M. Clements born on September 9, 1891, went on to marry Harry S. Finkenstaedt and lived in Detroit. Their last son, James R. Clements, born on November 2, 1897 and as such the company profits skyrocketed between 1904 and 1915. In addition, Mr. Clements saw a career in the banking industry having served as the president of First National Bank of Bay City. Clements made a fortune throughout his career, which allowed him to fund his personal passion of book collecting.

Affiliations

When Clements was asked what his chief recreation was he simply stated, "book collecting." Fortunately, Clements was able to make many of his purchases in the “golden age” for collectors as the decades of the 1880s through the 1920s saw the breakup of aristocratic British estates which contained many great libraries. In the United States many large private libraries were also sold which allowed Clements to make a series of major purchases. Among these purchases were the collections of Aaron J. Cooke, a good friend of Clements who sold him over 1,000 volumes of Americana in 1903.

Clements concentrated on two periods of early American history—the colonization of America from the 15th through the 17th centuries and the late 18th century colonial period and revolutionary America. Among some of his notable purchases were Christopher Columbus's letters and reports to the king and queen of Spain describing the first voyage to discover a world that did not then exist on any map. He also purchased John Smith's "True Relation of Virginia," one of the six copies of Thomas Hariot’’s "A Briefe and True Report of Virginia of 1588," and also Jefferson's notes on the State.

Writing of his scope, J. Kevin Graffagnino assessed Clements' book collecting: "William L. Clements stands as one of the great Americana collectors of his or any other generation."

William L. Clements Library

William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

In 1921 Clements started donating his collection to the University of Michigan and started plans to build a library to house his collection. Seeing the opportunity to create a memorial for himself, he envisioned this library to be exclusively for him, his close friends, and the advanced scholars and researchers in the country. This library would rival those on the east coast, which belonged to Ivy League schools, and would be a leading source of history in the Midwest. Clements provided a suitable home for his collections in the style of Italian renaissance, based on Vignola's casino for the Villa Farnese in Caprarola, Italy. This building, designed by famous architect Albert Kahn for the cost of $200,000, would also serve as the building Kahn wanted most to be remembered for. The Library was officially dedicated the William L. Clements Library on June 15, 1923, and at the time of its completion had over 20,000 volumes of rare books, 2,000 volumes of early newspapers, and several hundred maps. Between 1925 and 1930, William Clements acquired the papers of British generals Thomas Gage and Sir Henry Clinton, Cabinet Minister Lord George Germain, and the Hessian General Von Jungkenn, creating the largest archive in the United States of manuscripts and maps relating to British conduct of the American War. On the American side of the conflict, Clements purchased the papers of Continental Army General Nathanael Greene, as he believed there was value in examining the history of both sides of conflict, and holding the physical documents created much more intellectual value than a copy. Clements also collected song sheets, newspapers, magazines, cookbooks, sermons, school primers, and slave documents, all of which could be examined together to adequately study the past.

University of Michigan Board of Regents (1909–1933)

Later in his life, Clements was elected to serve as a Regent of the University of Michigan as a Republican succeeding Frank W. Fletcher of Alpena in 1909. Clements was continuously re-elected until his retirement in 1933. Clements enjoyed golfing with his good friend, fellow University of Michigan regent Junius Beal. During his tenure as a regent, his knowledge of engineering and business made him a leader in rebuilding the central campus as part of the "committee of five." This committee, composed of President Burton, Professor John Shepard, Regent Benjamin Hanchett, Albert Kahn, and William Clements, oversaw a great expansion to the Michigan campus after World War I. They were appointed to make decisions of all new buildings on campus, most notably the University of Michigan Hospital, the Simpson Memorial Institute for Medical Research, the Museums Building, the Burton Memorial Carillon Tower, and the Clements Library where he additionally served on the Committee of Management for the remainder of his life.

Legacy and death

Clements died of a heart attack in his home on Tuesday, November 6, 1934.