Vartkes Yeghiayan

Vartkes Boghos Yeghiayan (; April 6, 1936 - September 30, 2017) was an Armenian-American attorney specializing in international law. He was known for launching several lawsuits against insurance companies for insurance policies issued to Armenians in the early 20th century during the time of the Armenian genocide.

Biography and career Yeghiayan was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to a wealthy Armenian family originally from the Ottoman Empire. His father Boghos, a native of Isparta, was an orphaned survivor of the World War I-era massacres and deportations of the Armenian genocide. In Ethiopia, Boghos had worked his way up at an international trading firm. Yeghiayan's mother, Aroussiag Terzian, had close relations with the Ethiopian royal family – her godmother was Menen Asfaw, the wife of Emperor Haile Selassie – and this relationship had afforded him and his two brothers the privilege to study abroad. He attended school at Indiana University for one year before being accepted to Berkeley, initially as a premed student, later changing his major and graduating with a Bachelor in history in 1959. Yeghiayan was accepted to the University of California, Hastings College of the Law and completed his legal studies at Lincoln Law School, receiving his Juris Doctor (J.D.) in 1965. After briefly working for a small firm in Oakland, he joined California Rural Legal Assistance (CRLA). The partners were also sued, in 2011, by their co-counsel, Brian S. Kabateck and Mark Geragos, for misappropriation of funds; in turn, Yeghiayan counter-sued Kabateck and Geragos, filing similar charges. The matter was later submitted for arbitration. A year after Yeghiayan's death; in November 2018, Mahdessian was absolved of embezzling funds, but found to have "committed acts of moral turpitude by both (1) misappropriating $30,000 from the nonprofit, and (2) engaging in tax fraud by falsely reporting this and another $26,000 in taxable payouts to her children and their law school as donations or loan repayments... Considering Mahdessian’s three prior disciplinary suspensions, the hearing judge recommended disbarment." Though suspended from September 2017 to June 2018; Mahdessian was able to retain her license to practice law.

A 2022 investigate report by the Los Angeles Times wrote that upon discovery of the irregularities in the distribution of the AXA funds Yeghiayan "filed an emergency motion asking the judge to order an independent audit of the settlement." Along with the French board nominally responsible for overseeing the distribution process, Yeghiayan's office "started working together to unravel where the money went in the AXA settlement," uncovering checks written out to fraudulent claimants by settlement administrator Parsegh Kartalian in the sum of hundreds of thousands of dollars.

In 1960, he founded the Armenian Students Association at the University of California, Berkeley, and in 1972, Yeghiayan initiated the first protest at the Turkish Consulate in Los Angeles, paving the way for what has now become an annual protest against the Turkish government for its continued denial of the genocide. Yeghiayan also edited and published several books dealing with issues regarding the Armenian Genocide.

Class action lawsuits In 1987, Yeghiayan came across a passage in the memoirs of Henry Morgenthau Sr., the American Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1913 to 1916, describing an exchange between him and Mehmed Talat Pasha, the man chiefly held responsible for the Armenian Genocide. The text in question spoke of Talat's and, by extension, the state's interest in claiming as beneficiaries the life insurance policies of the Armenians who had perished during the genocide. The Armenians had purchased these policies from New York Life and Equitable Life of New York prior to the beginning of the war and, after exploring the issue more in depth, Yeghiayan came to the conclusion that New York Life, as well as other insurance companies, had withheld death benefits totaling in the tens of millions from the descendants of the deceased.

After gathering evidence and finding several descendants of the victims, in 1999 he filed a class action lawsuit against New York Life in a case which lasted for four years. In January 2004, New York Life agreed to pay $20 million to settle the lawsuit. The California state insurance commissioner appointed a committee of prominent Los Angeles Armenians to vet applications for settlement money, The settlement also included $3 million earmarked for nine Armenian church and charity groups. He has given lectures in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, Canada, and Armenia on the legal ramifications of the class lawsuits regarding the Armenian Genocide and restitution of Armenian properties.

In September 2008, Yeghiayan filed suit against the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States, seeking documents from 1914 to 1925 relating to the Armenian Genocide, following the administrations failed response to his repeated request to procure information. In June 2010, Yeghiayan filed on behalf of the Western Prelacy of the Armenian Church suit against the J. Paul Getty Museum for the return of eight thirteenth-century Armenian illuminated manuscript folios, the work of Armenian manuscript illuminator Toros Roslin, the first such case in the United States that the return of cultural or religious objects stolen during the Armenian Genocide. In September 2015 both parties reached an agreement whereby legal title of the folios would be returned to the Church while the pages themselves would remain in the possession of the Getty.

In December 2010, a suit was filed against the Turkish government and two Turkish banks, the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey and Ziraat Bankası, for seized Armenian assets in the region of Adana. In March 2011, Yeghiayan filed suit against the United States Federal Reserve on behalf of the Center for Armenian Remembrance, to demand the disclosure of information pertaining to Armenian assets and confiscated gold, which was seized by the Ottomans during the Armenian Genocide.

Awards and honors Lifetime Achievement Award, Armenian Bar Association (2011) Ellis Island Medal of Honor, National Ethnic Coalition of Organizations (2010) Order of St. Gregory the Great, Vatican ("Ordinis Santi Gregori Magni") (2009) Achievement Award, Federation of Eastern Greeks (2009) Lifetime Achievement Award, Armenian Educational Foundation (2008 ) Attorney of the Year Award, CLAY – California Lawyer's Magazine (2006) Trial Lawyer of the Year Finalist, Consumer Attorneys of California (2005) Top Foreign Service Award, United States Government (1978)

Publications Pro Armenia: Jewish Responses to the Armenian Genocide. Glendale, CA: Centre for Armenian Remembrance, 2012. Raphael Lemkin's Dossier on the Armenian Genocide. 2008 (in English, Turkish & Greek). British Reports on Ethnic Cleansing in Anatolia, 1919–1922: The Armenian-Greek Section Glendale, CA: Centre for Armenian Remembrance, 2008 Vahan Cardashian: Advocate Extraordinaire of the Armenian Cause. Glendale, CA: Centre for Armenian Remembrance, 2007. The Case of Misak Torlakian. Glendale, CA: Centre for Armenian Remembrance, 2006. The Case of Soghomon Tehlirian. Glendale, CA: Centre for Armenian Remembrance, 2006. British Foreign Office Dossiers on Turkish War Criminals. La Verne, CA: American Armenian International College, 1991; Turkish translation, Malta Belgeleri: İngiltere Dışişleri Bakanlığı "Türk savaş suçluları" dosyası. Istanbul: Belge Yayınları, 2007. They Refused to Die: A Chronicle of the Armenian Genocide. 1991. Trial of the Young Turks in Constantinople. 1990 "The Horn of Africa: Challenges to American Foreign Policy," 1978. "Volunteerism: The Real and Emerging Power," 1976. Handbook on the Republic of Turkey. Los Angeles: ANC of California, 1974. "The Economic Commission and Associated States of Africa," 1966.