Robert A. Boakes

Robert Alan Boakes (born 21 August 1939) is a British–Australian psychologist and academic notable for research in experimental psychology, especially learning, behaviour, and associative models in animals and humans. He is Emeritus Professor of Psychology at the University of Sydney, having held the McCaughey Chair in Psychology.

Early life and education Boakes was born in Streatham, London, on 21 August 1939. He studied in Surrey, attending Lime Grove Primary School, Elm Grove Church of England Junior School, and Kingston Grammar School. After a year as an engineering apprentice at Metropolitan Vickers in Salford, he pursued tertiary studies at the University of Cambridge, completing Natural Sciences (Psychology) and earning a BA with honours in 1963. He received a Frank Knox Memorial Fellowship and completed his PhD in Psychology at Harvard University in 1967.

Academic appointments 1966–1967: Assistant Lecturer, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK 1967–1986: Lecturer, University of Sussex 1986–1989: Reader in Experimental Psychology, University of Sussex 1989–1992: Professor of Psychology, University of Sydney 1992–2005: McCaughey Professor of Psychology, University of Sydney 2006: Awarded the title of Emeritus Professor by the Senate, University of Sydney 2006–2024: Annual lectures in the 'Learning and Behaviour' unit and supervision of honours and PhD students, University of Sydney (unpaid) Odor–taste synesthesia – learned sweetness in odors after conditioning Olfactory conditioning – associative acquisition of taste properties by odors Associative learning and calories – impact of sweetness and energy content Instrumental learning – extended training and resistance to extinction Sugar and obesity – metabolic and behavioural effects of sugar consumption in rats and humans

Research grants Boakes served as chief investigator on the following Australian Research Council (ARC) grants:

(2000–2002) An associative model of human olfaction (with R. J. Stevenson and M. J. Kiernan) (2001–2003) Persistence of hedonic conditioning in rats (2010–2014) The missing calories effect in rats and humans (2014–2016) Flavour learning and food consumption in rats and humans: Implications for obesity (with K. Rooney) (2017–2019) Withdrawal from and relapse to sugar drinks: Metabolic and behavioural effects (with K. Rooney)

Selected publications

Books Boakes, R. A. & Halliday, M. S. (Eds.) (1972). Inhibition and Learning. London: Academic Press. Dickinson, A. & Boakes, R. A. (Eds.) (1979). Mechanisms of Learning and Motivation. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Boakes, R. A., Popplewell, D. A. & Burton, M. J. (Eds.) (1987). Eating Habits. Chichester: John Wiley. Boakes, R. A. (1984). From Darwin to Behaviourism: Psychology and the Minds of Animals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN Boakes, R. A. (2023). Pavlov's Legacy: How and What Animals Learn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Journal articles Stevenson, R. J., Boakes, R. A. & Prescott, J. (1998). Changes in odour sweetness resulting from implicit learning of a simultaneous odour-sweetness association: An example of learned synesthesia. Learning and Motivation, 29(2), 113–132. Stevenson, R. J. & Boakes, R. A. (2003). A mnemonic theory of odor perception. Psychological Review, 110(2), 340–364. Dickinson, A., Balleine, B., Watt, A., Gonzalez, F. & Boakes, R. A. (1995). Motivational control after extended instrumental training. Animal Learning and Behavior, 23, 197–206. Kendig, M. D., Boakes, R. A., Rooney, K. B. & Corbit, L. H. (2013). Chronic restricted access to 10% sucrose solution in adolescent and young adult rats impairs spatial memory and alters sensitivity to outcome devaluation. Physiology & Behavior, 120, 164–172. Boakes, R. A. & Colagiuri, B. (2013). Juice and calories: The impact of sweetness and energy content on flavour-nutrient learning. Learning and Motivation, 44(2), 75–87. Boakes, R. A. & Costa, D. S. J. (2014). Temporal contiguity in associative learning: Interference and decay from an historical perspective. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 40, 381–400.

Personal life Boakes was married to Mary Frances White (1967–1989) and to Margaret June Kirkwood (1997–present). He has three children, eight grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren.