Philip von Krusenstiern

Philipp Crusius (from 1649: von Kruus, from 1650: von Krusenstiern; May 1, 1597 – April 10, 1676) was a German jurist, diplomat, and administrative official.

Life Philipp Crusius was a son of the clergyman Johannes Crusius (1550-1616) and his wife Barbara, née Kreijer in Eisleben. He completed law studies at Leipzig University. As a licentiate of both laws, he later became court counselor to Count Ernst von Mansfeld, and was a legate to Albrecht von Wallenstein in Prague in 1621. He started from 1622 to work in the council of Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp.

During the Thirty Years' War, Crusius served as a ducal negotiator and commissioner for Dithmarschen and Eiderstedt. In 1627, he entered the service of Emperor Ferdinand II and worked as a war commissioner in Wilster, Krempe and adjacent marsh lands May 1628-1629. In 1629, he took part in negotiating the Peace of Lübeck and traveled to Italy a year later on behalf of the Emperor in 1630 as legate.

Wallenstein sent Crusius to Gottorf in 1632 as legate, where he again worked for the Duke. Together with Otto Brüggemann, he joined a Gottorf group that was to negotiate a new trade route. In preparation for journeys to Russia and Safavid Iran, they met Axel Oxenstierna in Halle in early 1633. They then went to Stockholm and spoke with the Swedish Council of the Realm.

From November 1633 to April 1635, Crusius visited Moscow with the delegation, where negotiations with the Tsar resulted in a trade agreement. They then returned to their homeland and again negotiated with Oxenstierna in Hamburg. In October 1635, the group, together with Adam Olearius and Paul Fleming, undertook a diplomatic journey via Moscow, which was in the interest of the Persian silk trade, suffered shipwreck on the Estonian coast, traveled via the Volga and the Caspian Sea, and reached Isfahan. They could not achieve any negotiating successes and were back in Gottorf in August 1639. During the negotiations, Crusius, who probably understood how to act diplomatically skillfully, officially led the mission as the first envoy. In reality, however, Brüggemann had taken over the leadership and negatively influenced the trade project. Crusius continued to accompany the project as Holstein resident in Reval on June 4, 1640. (died 1639) and Margaretha Pröbsting (died 1641); sister-in-law of Adam Olearius, married on 13 May 1639, died in 168 Maria Elisabeth Krusenstjerna, wife of Päädeva manor owner Ewert Wolmar von Wrangell (died 1695) Axel Erich von Krusenstern (born 1648) Adolf Friedrich von Krusenstern (1652-1687), Swedish military officer (captain), owner of Ohakvere and Hagudi manors, great-grandfather of Adam Johann von Krusenstern.