Nicholas Van Dyke

Nicholas Van Dyke (December 20, 1769 – May 21, 1826) was an American lawyer and politician from New Castle, Delaware. He was a member of the Federalist Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly, as attorney general of Delaware, as U.S. representative from Delaware, and as U.S. senator from Delaware.

Early life and education Van Dyke was born in New Castle, Delaware, son of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Nixon) Van Dyke. His mother died two weeks after giving birth to Nicholas. His father, who had been a member of the Continental Congress and a President of Delaware, later married again, to Charlotte Stanley.

The younger Nicholas graduated from the College of New Jersey, now Princeton University, in 1788, studied law with his brother-in-law, Kensey Johns, and was admitted to the Delaware Bar in New Castle, in 1792.

Career Van Dyke was a Federalist who was a member of the Delaware House of Representatives in 1799. From 1801 until 1806 he served as Attorney General of Delaware.

In 1807 he was elected to the 10th United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of U.S. Representative James M. Broom. He was reelected to the 11th Congress, and served in the U.S. House from October 6, 1807, until March 3, 1811. With the Federalists a powerless minority in Congress, he returned home to serve as the Attorney General of Delaware.

He was elected to the Delaware State Senate for the 1816 and 1817 sessions. While serving there, he was elected to the United States Senate, where he served from March 4, 1817, until his death on May 21, 1826. He missed the first month and a half of the 18th U.S. Congress, as his first term in the Senate expired on March 3, 1823, and he was not re-elected by the Delaware Legislature until January 7, 1824. He did not take his seat in the Senate for the 18th Congress until January 14, 1824, while the Senate had convened on December 1, 1823. He was Chairman of the Committee on Pensions in the 16th U.S. Congress.

Personal life He married Mary Ann Leuvaneigh in 1792. They had six children, including Nicholas III, Kensey Johns, and Dorcas Montgomery and lived at many houses in and around New Castle, Delaware. One of these was at the corner of Delaware and Fourth Streets and was the location of the 1824 wedding of Dorcas Van Dyke and Charles I. du Pont, which was attended by the Marquis de Lafayette.

His farm and summer retreat, The Hermitage, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The family were members of Immanuel Episcopal Church.

Death and legacy Van Dyke died in New Castle, Delaware, and is buried there in the cemetery at Immanuel Episcopal Church on the Green. A fellow lawyer who knew Van Dyke compared him to other lawyers by saying that he was a "sound lawyer and superior to them all as a fluent, graceful and successful advocate and in the skillful management of his cases."

Almanac Elections were held the first Tuesday of October and members of the General Assembly took office on the first Tuesday of January. The State Senate had a term of three years and the State House had a term of one year. U.S. Representatives took office March 4 and had a two-year term. The General Assembly chose the U.S. senators who also took office March 4, but for a six-year term.

Delaware General Assembly service Dates Assembly Chamber Majority Governor Committees District179923rdState HouseFederalistRichard BassettNew Castle at-large

United States congressional service Dates Congress Chamber Majority President Committees Class/District1807–180910thU.S. HouseRepublicanThomas Jeffersonat-large1809–181111thU.S. HouseRepublicanJames Madisonat-large1817–181915thU.S. SenateRepublicanJames Monroeclass 21819–182116thU.S. SenateRepublicanJames Monroeclass 21821–182317thU.S. SenateRepublicanJames Monroeclass 21823–182518thU.S. SenateRepublicanJames Monroeclass 21825–182719thU.S. SenateDemocraticJohn Quincy Adamsclass 2