Maria Teresa Felicitas d'Este

Maria Teresa Felicitas d'Este (; 6 October 1726 – 30 April 1754) was a Princess of Modena by birth and Duchess of Penthièvre by marriage. She was the mother-in-law of Philippe Égalité and thus grandmother to the future Louis Philippe I, King of the French.

Youth (1726–1744)

Maria Teresa Felicitas was born on 6 October 1726 at the Ducal Palace of Modena in Modena, Italy. She was the eldest daughter of Francesco III, Duke of Modena and Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans. Before her birth, her parents had two sons, Alfonso and Francesco, both of whom died in 1725.

Her parents' marriage was not happy and her mother eventually returned to her native France. The Duchess took up residence in the Luxembourg Palace in Paris, with the permission of Louis XV. It was while her mother was in France that she saw the opportunity to marry her daughters into the royal family; such alliances between princes du sang and princesses from a small Italian duchy was highly unexpected. Maria Teresa was engaged to her second cousin, Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre. Her younger sister, Maria Fortunata, would also become a member of the French royal family in 1759 through her marriage to another cousin, Louis François Joseph, Prince of Conti.

Marriage and death (1744–1754) The Duke of Penthièvre was Maria Teresa's mother's first cousin. Charlotte Aglaé's mother was the sister of the duke's father, Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse. The wedding took place on December 29, 1744 in Modena, followed by another ceremony at the Palace of Versailles. The Duke had inherited a great fortune when his father died in 1737. According to some contemporaries, their marriage was a very happy one.

The couple's happiness would come to an abrupt end with the death of Maria Teresa on April 30, 1754, a day after giving birth to their seventh child, Louis Marie Félicité, who also died shortly after. After her death, her mother tried to arrange a marriage between her widower and her younger sister, Princess Matilde. However, the grieving duke declined the offer and never remarried.

Issue Maria Teresa and her husband had seven children, but only two survived infancy: boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; 1= 1. Maria Teresa Felicitas d'Este 2= 2. Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena 3= 3. Charlotte Aglaé of Orléans 4= 4. Rinaldo d'Este, Duke of Modena 5= 5. Charlotte Felicitas of Brunswick 6= 6. Philippe II, Duke of Orléans 7= 7. Françoise Marie de Bourbon 8= 8. Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena 9= 9. Lucrezia Barberini 10= 10. John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg 11= 11. Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate 12= 12. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans 13= 13. Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate 14= 14. Louis XIV of France 15= 15. Madame de Montespan 16= 16. Alfonso III d'Este, Duke of Modena 17= 17. Isabella of Savoy 18= 18. Taddeo Barberini, Principe di Palestrina 19= 19. Anna Colonna, Principessa di Paliano 20= 20. George, Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg 21= 21. Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt 22= 22. Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern 23= 23. Anna Gonzaga 24= 24. Louis XIII of France 25= 25. Anne of Austria 26= 26. Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine 27= 27. Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel 28= 28. Louis XIII of France (= 24) 29= 29. Anne of Austria (= 25) 30= 30. Gabriel de Rochechouart, Duke of Mortemart 31= 31. Diane de Grandseigne