Juan de Arechederra

Juan de Arechederra (Caracas, Venezuela, September 20, 1681 – Nueva Segovia, November 12, 1751) was a Venezuelan (originally Spanish Criollo) friar and member of the Dominican Order who served as the Rector of Colegio de San Juan de Letran from 1725 until 1735 and University of Santo Tomas from 1735 to 1737 and from 1743 to 1745 and Bishop-elect of Nueva Segovia from 1745 and in turn, the Bishop from 1750 until his death in 1751. In Philippine history, he is best remembered as being the Governor-General from 1745 to 1750 who baptized Alimuddin I, the only Catholic Sultan of Sulu.

Early life and activities Little was known about Arechederra's early life. He was born to Spanish immigrant parents but was later sent to a convent in San Jacinto de Caracas, a city-colony at the Spanish colonial provinces of New Kingdom of Granada. In 1701, he joined the Dominican Order for the province of Santa Cruz, his hometown.

Arechederra went to Mexico to pursue a degree of doctor of theology at the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico, afterwards a master's degree in theology. By 1713, he joined a Dominican missionary to the Philippines. In the Philippines, he held several posts, such as being the vicar of a parish in Cavite, a professor of theology at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran, and twice served as the Rector Magnificus of the University of Santo Tomas.

Inquisition and governor-general When Arechederra came to the Philippines, one of his initial positions was to become one of the four superintendent-commissaries appointed by the Holy Office of the Inquisition to assist the Inquisition in the islands. During his time, Filipino natives or Indios were exempted from the Inquisition. For example, when a Spanish mestizo named Jacinta de Jesús was to be charged, Arechederra acquitted her by proposing herself as an Indio. In 1724, he accelerated the Inquisition charges filed against Antoine Guigue, a French missionary based in Guangdong convicted of Jansenism. He was later sentenced to be suspended from priestly actions and perform spiritual exercises until he appeased the Pope.

In 1745, the Bishop of Nueva Segovia Manuel del Río died in office and Arechederra was elected to occupy this position. By July 1745, he assumed the diocese in full capacity while waiting for the Papal Bull proclaiming him as the new bishop. However, Governor-General Gaspar de la Torre died in office on September 21. By virtue of a royal decree issued earlier on August 15, 1734, in case of death of the governor-general, the highest governing person in the Islands shall take the responsibility of running the government. The same day, he assumed the position of being the governor-general and president ad interim of the Real Audiencia.

Having heard of Arechederra's acceptance as the bishop-elect of Nueva Segovia and his inauguration as the new governor-general, a letter coming from Madrid presented Arechederra to the King of Spain in 1750. In return the King ordered bulls recognizing Arechederra as the new Bishop of Nueva Segovia and affirming his position as the governor-general. However, on November 12, 1751, Arechederra died in office without having been consecrated.

On April 29, 1750, baptisms took place at Paniqui, Tarlac. He was renamed as Don Fernando de Alimuddin. His children were educated in Spanish and Catholic education. Before fully pushing his ideals to restore him to power, Arechederra was replaced as a governor-general by the Marquis of Brindisi.