John Topham

John Topham (18 March 1917–early 1987) was a British flying ace with the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. He was credited with having destroyed at least thirteen German aircraft and went on to serve in the RAF in the postwar period.

Born in Bradford, Topham joined the RAF in early 1939 and was commissioned as a pilot officer by the end of the year. Posted to No. 219 Squadron, he flew Bristol Blenheim night fighters and made his first claim for an aerial victory during the Battle of Britain. He destroyed a number of aircraft during 1941 to 1942, with Sergeant H. Berridge as his radar operator, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross & Bar for his successes. After being rested for much of 1943, he was given command of No. 125 Squadron, a night fighter unit, overseeing the squadron's adoption of the de Havilland Mosquito heavy fighter. Still paired with Berridge, he shot down more aircraft as the squadron operated over northern France and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in late 1944.

Topham remained in the RAF after the war and held several staff and command positions. He served as a staff officer overseas at South East Asia Command and Far East Air Force. Appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1952, he subsequently commanded the RAF station at Waterbeach and was commandant of the RAF College of Air Warfare. He retired from the RAF in 1968 as an air commodore. He died in early 1987, aged 69.

Early life John Groves Topham was born on 18 March 1917 in Bradford, England, and was educated at Manchester's Stand Grammar School. In early 1939, he obtained a short service commission in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and commenced initial flight training, at No. 6 Elementary & Reserve Flying Training School at Sywell, on 23 January. After three months, he proceeded to the next phase of training at No. 11 Flying Training School in Shawbury and at its conclusion, on 23 October, was confirmed in his rank as a pilot officer.

Second World War

With the Second World War under way, Topham was posted to No. 219 Squadron. This was a newly formed unit, based at Catterick, which was training on Bristol Blenheims in a night fighter role. It became fully operational in February 1940 but during the later stages of the Battle of Britain was occasionally called upon to assist in dealing with Luftwaffe raids in the south of England. On the night of 15 August, Topham engaged and probably destroyed a Junkers Ju 88 medium bomber near Flamborough Head.

Night fighting duties In September, No. 219 Squadron began to convert to the Bristol Beaufighter night fighter and the following month it commenced operating from Redhill, near London. At this time, Topham was promoted to flying officer. Paired with Sergeant H. Berridge as his radar operator, Topham shot down a Heinkel He 111 medium bomber to the north of Selsey Bill on the night of 13 March 1941. Three months later, on 13 June, he shot down an unidentified aircraft north of Worthing. By early 1942, Topham was commanding one of the squadron's flights and had been promoted to acting squadron leader. His successes as a night fighter pilot saw him awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC). The announcement was made on 3 March 1942; the citation, published in The London Gazette, read:

Topham shot down a Dornier Do 17 medium bomber south of Worthingon the night of 25 April. This was followed by his destruction of a He 111 near Brighton during a night time sortie on 7 May. He destroyed a Ju 88 north of Bembridge on the night of 8 June. A month later, during the night of 6–7 July, he shot down a Dornier Do 217 medium bomber near Amble. He was subsequently awarded a Bar to his DFC. The published citation read:

On a night time sortie on 25–26 July, Topham shot down a pair of Do 217s, both east of Blyth. A further Do 217 was destroyed by Topham on the night of 19 September, this time near Cambois Bay. At the end of the year, both he and Berridge, who had also been awarded the DFC and Bar for his work alongside Topham, were rested. At this time, Topham was promoted to acting wing commander although his substantive rank was flight lieutenant.

Squadron command Topham commanded No. 54 Operational Training Unit (OTU) at Charterhall for several months. In October 1943, he returned to operational duties as commander of No. 125 Squadron, where he was reunited with Berridge as his radar operator. Along with Berridge, Topham was stood down from operations at the end of the year. He spent the remainder of the war as the chief flying instructor at No. 51 OTU at Cranfield. Leaving the United Kingdom after ending his appointment at Leeming, he served on the staff at the headquarters of the Far East Air Force in Singapore. In 1956 Topham was posted to the headquarters of No. 11 Group and then, promoted to group captain, was commander of the RAF station at Waterbeach.

Later leading a RAF training command in Nigeria, Topham subsequently served as the commandant of the RAF College of Air Warfare in Manby. He was promoted to air commodore in January 1965. His final appointment was as the commanding officer of Air Forces Gulf. He retired from the RAF in August 1968 and died in early 1987, at the age of 69. He is credited with having shot down thirteen aircraft, with one further aircraft deemed to be probably destroyed. He is also credited with one damaged.