Ibn Hišām

Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām ibn Ayyūb al-Ḥimyarī (; died 7 May 833), known simply as Ibn Hisham, was a 9th-century Abbasid historian and scholar, known for authoring the Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah. He grew up in Basra, in modern-day Iraq and later moved to Egypt.

Life

Ibn Hisham has been said to have grown up in Basra and moved afterwards to Egypt. His family was native to Basra but he himself was born in Old Cairo. He gained a name as a grammarian and student of language and history in Egypt. His family was of Himyarite origin and belonged to Banu Ma‘afir tribe of Yemen.

Biography of Muḥammad

As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah , 'The Life of the Prophet'; is an edited recension of Ibn Isḥāq's classic Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh 'The Life of God's Messenger'. Ibn Isḥāq's now lost work survives only in Ibn Hishām's and al-Tabari's recensions, although fragments of several others survive,

Ibn Hishām explains in the preface of the work, the criteria by which he made his choice from the original work of Ibn Isḥāq in the tradition of his disciple Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi (d. 799). Accordingly, Ibn Hishām omits stories from Al-Sīrah that contain no mention of Muḥammad, Al-Tabari includes controversial episodes of the Satanic Verses including an apocryphal story about Muḥammad's attempted suicide. Ibn Hishām gives more accurate versions of the poems he includes and supplies explanations of difficult terms and phrases of the Arabic language, additions of genealogical content to certain proper names, and brief descriptions of the places mentioned in Al-Sīrah. Ibn Hishām appends his notes to the corresponding passages of the original text with the words: "qāla Ibn Hishām" (Ibn Hishām says).

Translations and editions Later Ibn Hishām's As-Sira would chiefly be transmitted by his pupil, Ibn al-Barqī. The German orientalist Gernot Rotter produced an abridged (about one third) German translation of The life of the Prophet. As-Sīra An-Nabawīya. (Spohr, Kandern in the Black Forest 1999). In 1955, the British orientalist Alfred Guillaume published an English translation with Oxford University Press titled The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat Rasūl Allāh.

Other works Ibn Hisham also known as the author of the commentaries of The Book of Crowns on the Kings of Himyar. Ibn Hisham reported that he acquired the book narrative from 'Abd al-Mun'im Idris. Ibn Hisham, who authored the commentaries of this book, also gave his own analysis that the Yemen region name were given from their primordial founder, Ya'rub (son of Qahtan ), who also known by his other name, "Yaman".

Published editions English

Al falah foundation. Cairo, Egypt. online link

Arabic online link

Other works Kitab al-Tijan li ma'rifati muluk al-zamān fi akhbar Qahtān 'The Book of Crowns, on the kings of yesteryear in the accounts of the Qahtān' (in Arabic); a genealogical work with historico-legendary accounts of the southern Arabs and their monuments in pre-Islamic times.