Hossein Salami

Hossein Salami (; 1 August 1960 – 13 June 2025) was an Iranian military officer who served as the commander-in-chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) from 2019 until 2025, when he was killed by an Israeli airstrike during the Twelve-Day War in June.

Salami joined the IRGC during the Iran–Iraq War in 1980, when he was a college student. He rose through the ranks, becoming deputy commander. On 21 April 2019, the supreme leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei, appointed him as the new Commander-in-Chief of the IRGC, replacing Major General Mohammad Ali Jafari. Salami stood out among the commanders of the IRGC for his fiery and aggressive speeches targeting the US, Israel, and Saudi Arabia.

Early life and education Hossein Salami was born in 1960 in Golpayegan, Isfahan province, then part of the Imperial State of Iran.

Hossein Salami held a Ph.D. in National Defense Management from the Iranian Army Command and General Staff College. He also completed specialized missile courses at Malek-Ashtar University.

Career

After joining the IRGC when the Iran–Iraq War started in 1980, Salami rose through the ranks, becoming deputy commander.

In January 2019, Salami said: "We will fight them on the global level, not just in one spot. Our war is not a local war. We have plans to defeat the world powers".

On 21 April 2019, Ali Khamenei appointed him as the new commander-in-chief of the IRGC, replacing Mohammad Ali Jafari, who had held the post since September 2007.

On 7 January 2020, Salami spoke at the funeral of his comrade in arms and IRGC Quds Force subordinate, Qasem Soleimani, who had been killed the previous Friday near Iraq's Baghdad International Airport by a US airstrike: "I say the last word at the beginning: we will take revenge... a revenge that will be tough, strong, decisive and finishing, and will make them regret".

In the matter of 8 January 2020 shootdown of Ukraine International Airlines flight PS752 by IRGC missiles, killing 176 people, on 13 January Salami went to the Parliament of Iran and said, We did make a mistake. Some of our compatriots were martyred because of our mistake but it was unintentional... In my all lifetime I haven't been as sorry as much as now. Never... I wish I had been on board and burned with them... May God forgive us and then after that the Iranian people and the families of the victims.

In the aftermath of the April 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel, Salami stated, Our information on all of the hits is not complete yet but on that part of the hits that we have accurate, documented and field-related reports show that this operation has been carried out with a success that exceeded the expectation. One Negev Bedouin civilian was critically injured by shrapnel, and 31 others were treated for minor injuries or post-traumatic stress.

Executive Background From 1999 to 2008, Salami served as Deputy Commander of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force, playing key role in Islamic Republic of Iran missile force development.

Missile Program Development He directly supervised ballistic projects including “Shahab-3” and “Qadr” missiles, achieving 2000 km missile range under his command.

Publications His works include book “Deterrence Strategy in Sacred Defense” and article “Missiles’ Role in National Security”.

Timeline of responsibilities Commander of IRGC University of Command and Staff (1992–1997) Deputy Chief of the IRGC Joint Staff (2005–2006) Commander of IRGC Air Force (2006–2009) Professor of the Supreme National Defense University (as of 2019)

Honours and awards On 10 March 2024, Salami was awarded an Order of Fath medal (also known as the Victory Medal), by Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, for "improving the defence, combat, and deterrence power" of the Iranian armed forces. A medal was also awarded to Major General Abdolrahim Mousavi, chief commander of the Iranian Army, on the same day.

Sanctions On 23 December he was included in the list of individuals designated for sanctions under U.N. security council resolution 1737, which imposed sanctions on individuals and entities involved in Iran's ballistic missile program.

According to the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747, sanctions were imposed on Salami in March 2007.

On 8 April 2019, the United States inflicted economic and travel sanctions on the IRGC and organizations, companies, and individuals affiliated with them. Salami said the IRGC was proud that Washington named them as a terrorist group. On 2021 the European Union imposed sanctions on Salami in connection with his role during the November 2019 protests in Iran. The sanctions were part of a broader response to reported human rights violations during the unrest.

On 3 October 2022, Salami was included in a Canadian sanctions list that included 9 Iranian entities, and 25 senior officials. The sanctions came in reaction to the Death of Mahsa Amini, and the persecution of protestors in the widescale protests that ensued. In 2023, the European Union added Major General Hossien Salami to its sanctions list under its Iran to Russia military support framework. As commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), Salami leads Iran's Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) program and oversees its international deployment. The EU designation cites his involvement in supplying Iranian UAVs to Russia for its military operations in Ukraine, which according to the report, undermines the country's territorial integrity, sovereignty, and independence. This sanction was enacted under Council Regulation (EU) 2023/1529 and Decision (CFSP) 2023/1532, which specifically target Iran's military support to Russia.

Political views and style Influence According to The Jerusalem Post, Salami played a significant role in shaping Iran's regional strategy. Under his influence, the Iranian regime expanded its activities across the Middle East, including increased involvement in Iraq, military support for the Syrian Government during the Syrian civil war, and backing for Hezbollah. After 2015 Iran also began supporting the Houthis in Yemen, reportedly providing them with missiles and drones used in attacks against Saudi Arabia.

According to researcher Mehdi Khalaji in 2019, Salami used psychological warfare and relied on "innovatively circumventing economic sanctions, developing Iran's missile programme and maintaining the regime's defiant regional policy".

Fiery speeches Salami stood out among the commanders of the IRGC for his fiery and aggressive speeches targeting the US, Israel, During a speech on Iranian TV in 2019, Salami stated: "We are planning to break America, Israel, and their partners and allies. Our ground forces should cleanse the planet from the filth of their existence".

Israel In 2014, Salami declared: "We will chase you [Israelis] house to house and will take revenge for every drop of blood of our martyrs in Palestine, and this is the beginning point of Islamic nations awakening for your defeat." In another speech, he stated that "the Zionist regime is slowly being erased from the world," and predicted that "soon, there will be no such thing as the Zionist regime on Planet Earth." In September 2019, Salami stated: "This sinister regime must be wiped off the map and this is no longer... a dream (but) it is an achievable goal."

In November 2023, Salami took part in a rally to protest the Gaza genocide, especially the killing of children in Gaza. In May 2024, during the Gaza war, Salami said: Look at the scenes of the crime in Gaza... The United States has targeted the entire Islamic world... Therefore, the path for aggressors to [advance their] dominance must be blocked. Jihad for the liberation of those Muslims who are under the control of the Taghut (polytheists) is the most attractive and most beautiful responsibility and mission for us, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

Strategic views In a 2023 speech at Tehran University he stated: "Iran's deterrence must reach a level where no country dares to threaten us."

Other On 13 January 2020, Salami apologized for shooting down Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752, saying "Never in my life have I felt so ashamed".

On 5 March 2020, Salami said, referencing COVID-19, that "We are now dealing with a biological war." He argued that it "may be the product of American biological warfare." This theory was amplified on 8 March by the state-run Press TV.

In 2022, Salami delivered the following speech at the funeral for victims of a mass shooting by ISIS in Iran. Salami told the Mahsa Amini protests, '"Do not come to the streets. Today is the last day of riots," and blamed Israel and the US for stoking the protests.

Death Salami was killed in an airstrike during the start of the Twelve-Day War, alongside other top military leaders. The strikes also targeted Iran's nuclear facilities and military installations, on early morning 13 June 2025.

Personal life Salami's brother, Mostafa Salami, is a senior officer in the regular armed force.