Heinz London

Education London studied at multiple institutions as was customary at the time in Germany. He was at the University of Bonn in 1926/27. After that he interned for six months at a chemical plant for Heraeus in Hanau, Germany. In 1929, he spent a year of study at the Technische Hochschule Charlottenburg and then he was at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München until 1931. In late 1933, he obtained his PhD under the low temperature physicist Franz Simon at the University of Breslau, with a thesis "on the possibility of the occurrence of high frequency residual resistance in superconductors". when working at the University of Oxford, in the Clarendon Laboratory.

These equations gave a first explanation to the Meissner effect (and, so, to the properties of superconductors). He is known as well for being the inventor of the dilution refrigerator, a cryogenic device that uses liquid helium.

Honours and awards London was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1961,