Adam Hayes

Adam Hayes (1710 – 20 December 1785) was an English shipwright who worked for the Royal Navy. A great number of his models survive. He was responsible for the selection of the ship the Earl of Pembroke and was the wright who converted it into in 1768 for use by Captain Cook.

Life

He was born in the parish of St Botolph's, Aldgate in east London, the son of Adam Hayes and his wife, Sarah Urmstone. His father was a haberdasher. He joined the Royal Navy as a boy, around 1722, and became ship's carpenter.

In 1740 he was part of the crew on under Captain George Anson as flagship of a part of a special fleet heading first to South America then around Cape Horn in March 1741 and into the Pacific. The overall objective was then to attack the Spanish colony at Manila in the Philippines on the far side of the ocean. The Spanish got wind of this and sent their own fleet to intercept. As part of the actions the Centurion captured and plundered the Spanish galleon Nuestra Senora de Covadonga in 1743. By tradition, the crew all shared part of the treasure gained. They returned to England in June 1744. Hayes transferred to work on : it is unclear if this was to break the old HMS Kent at Chatham (the ship was over 60 years old) or to build the new HMS Kent at Deptford, but it appears to have been a dock-based employment either way. The latter is more likely, and appears to have led both to recognition of his skills and permanent shore-based employment. He was therefore in Deptford 1744 to 1746 – until the launch of HMS Kent.

The process of shipbuilding in those days (and still) involves first making a scale model of the ship, and this would be part of the master shipwright's duties: a great number of Hayes' models survive.

From 1746 to 1748 he was assistant master shipwright at Gibraltar Docks and in 1748 returned to England as master mastmaker at Chatham Dockyard from April 1748 to May 1749.

From March 1753 to August 1755 he was master shipwright at Chatham before moving permanently to a settled position at Deptford. In Deptford, over the next 30 years, he produced a very large number of ships, including a dozen ships of the line.

Captain Cook connection

In 1768 it was Hayes who was chosen by the Admiralty and Royal Society to select a vessel suitable for exploration of the southern hemisphere and to convert said ship (before Cook was chosen as captain). For various reasons it was not possible to select an existing Royal Navy vessel nor to commission on that basis.

She was registered as a Royal Navy ship as a "bark" (barque) of 368 tons under the name . The choice of name appears to derive from the Middlesex election affair of 1768, where John Wilkes repeatedly used the term "endeavour".

Ships built

an 8-gun sloop at Woolwich an 8-gun sloop at Chatham an 80-gun ship of the line 20-gun 20-gun 50-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 28-gun frigate 74-gun ship of the line 32-gun frigate 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 6-gun cutter 4-gun cutter 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 14-gun sloop 74-gun ship of the line 14-gun sloop Royal Navy launch Close (1770) 74-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line Armed Yacht Princess Augusta (1773) 6-gun Longboat Storehouse (1774) 74-gun ship of the line 28-gun frigate 20-gun ship 74-gun ship of the line 64-gun ship of the line 74-gun ship of the line 28-gun frigate 74-gun ship of the line 22-gun post ship 36-gun frigate 64-gun ship of the line 22-gun post ship 74-gun ship of the line 64-gun ship of the line

Family

He was married to Elizabeth Hayes (1714–1758). They had no children. Hayes was great uncle to Rear Admiral Sir John Hayes.