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Semyon Semyonovich Lobov (Russian: Семён Семёнович Ло́бов; 1888 – 30 October 1937) was a Soviet statesman and politician.

Biography He was born in to the family of a forester. Lobov graduated from his elementary school and became a worker in various professions, including as a construction worker, draftsman and forester.

Lobov joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1913. He worked in the Rosencrantz plant in Petrograd and after the October Revolution became a member of the Petrograd and Vyborg committees of the RSDLP (b). In the beginning of the Russian Civil War he joined the newly established Soviet secret police, the Cheka, and at first became the deputy head of the Petrograd Cheka and later in March 1919 its chairman. He was then appointed Chairman of Saratov Cheka and later in May 1920 he was appointed Chairman of the Cheka of the Bashkir ASSR.

Lobov was a member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (b) from 1924 to 1934 as well as a member of the Orgburo from 1930 to 1934.

From 1932 to 1936 he was the People's Commissar of Timber Industry of the USSR and in the years 1936–1937 he was People's Commissar of Food of the RSFSR. In 1936 he received the Order of Lenin for the overfulfillment of the production the People's Commissariat of the Forestry Industry of the USSR and the successes achieved in organizing production and mastering its technology.

During the Great Purge he was arrested on the basis of the testimonies of Iosif Vareikis and was arrested on charges on being a participant of an "Anti-Soviet counter-revolutionary terrorist organization". He was sentenced to death on 30 October 1937 and shot on the same day.

Semyon Lobov was posthumously rehabilitated by Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union in 1956. A street was named after him in Ugransky District in Smolensk.