Șerban I Cantacuzino, Prince of Wallachia

Șerban Cantacuzino , (1634/1640 – 29 October 1688) was a Prince of Wallachia between 1678 and 1688.

Biography Șerban Cantacuzino was a member of the Romanian branch of the Cantacuzino noble family. He was forced to take part in the Ottoman campaign which ended in their defeat at the Battle of Vienna, despite sympathizing with the Holy League. According to Gaster (1911) it was alleged that he conceived the plan of marching on Constantinople to drive the Ottoman Empire out of Europe, the western powers having promised him their moral support.

Cantacuzino introduced maize to Wallachia and present-day Romania, in time the staple food—it was not yet extensively cultivated during his reign. He agreed to the establishment of various printing presses, and ordered the famous Romanian edition of the Bible (the Cantacuzino Bible), first published in Bucharest (1688). Through his influence also the Slavonic language was officially and finally abolished from the liturgy and the Romanian language substituted for it. He founded the first Romanian school in Bucharest.

His son later ruled as Ban of Oltenia, and was married to Ruxandra Rosetti.

Siege of Vienna 1683

In 1683, the Principality of Wallachia, led by Cantacuzino was forced

Although an Ottoman vassal, Prince Cantacuzino had negotiated with the Imperial forces for Wallachia to join the Christian side for the position of protector of Christians in the Balkan Peninsula. In turn, the Habsburgs promised him the throne of Constantinople which was the capital of the Ottoman Empire. The text on the cross reads:

After the attack led by John III Sobieski on 12 September, the Wallachian troops, who had not taken part in the fighting, crossed the Danube and headed east.

Șerban's loyal behavior toward the Christian cause was also noted in a letter written by Count von Waldstein, addressed to him a few years later. There is speculation that he was in fact poisoned by boyars who resented his vast, unrealistic and dangerous projects (presumably by his brothers, Constantin and ). His descendants include members of the Rosetti family, and the Romanian actor, Șerban Cantacuzino.