Rafi-ush-Shan

Rafi-ul-Qadr (Persian: رفیع القدر) (29 – 1671 March 1712), better known by his title, Mirza Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur, was the third son of the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I.

Life and mughal service Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur was born in Delhi to Prince Mu'azzam and Nur-un-Nisa Begum, the daughter of Sanjar Najm-i-sani. He was 10 when he was appointed by his grandfather Aurangzeb as qiladar of Malakand.

After the accession of his father to the Mughal throne in 1707, he was appointed the subahdar of Sindh and Assam from 1707 to 1710; and Kashmir from 1710 to 1712.

He was killed along with his older brother Jahan Shah in the succession struggle after the death of their father. He is buried in Agra.

Family One of his wives was Raziyat-un-nissa Begum, the daughter of Prince Muhammad Akbar. He had married her in 1695 at Agra, during the same time as his brother Jahan Shah had married her sister Zakiyat-un-nissa Begum. Another was Nur-un-nissa Begum, daughter of Shaikh Baqi. She was the mother of Rafi ud-Darajat and Muhammad Ibrahim.

His sons Rafi ud-Darajat, Muhammad Ibrahim and Shah Jahan II would later become Mughal emperors.