Peter H. Odegard

Peter H. Odegard (April 5, 1901 – December 6, 1966) was an American political scientist and college administrator. A specialist in the study of propaganda, he was special assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury at the start of the World War II War Bonds campaign. From 1945 to 1948 he was president of Reed College.

Early life and education Odegard was born in Kalispell, Montana; his parents were Norwegian immigrants. He earned his Bachelor's degree at the University of Washington and his Ph.D. from Columbia University.

Career Odegard taught at Columbia and then from 1929 to 1930 at Williams College, from 1930 to 1938 at Ohio State University, in 1934 at Stanford University, and beginning in 1939 at Amherst College. He was the main strategist for the program until 1942, when he left because he viewed high-pressure bond "drives" as ultimately damaging to public support for the government and the war effort. He chose the Minuteman as a "distinctly American" symbol of the program, suggested bonds be sold at banks and post offices, and set the initial tone of positive symbolism in order to persuade the public to contribute voluntarily. After the war he also worked for the Atomic Energy Commission, the President's Commission on Migratory Labor, and the National Commission for UNESCO. After seven years he stepped down as Chair; he retired in 1965 and died in a hospital in Oakland the following year after a heart attack.

Odegard gave a year-long series of television lectures on American Government: Structure and Function for the fourth season of NBC's Continental Classroom, which made him well known; his course was repeated for the fifth and final season. He served as president of the American Political Science Association in 1950–1951. He was also an associate editor of Our Times and of Public Opinion Quarterly. and at the University of California, Berkeley Libraries (1947–1966).

Views For the Defense Bonds, later War Bonds, program, Odegard insisted on the use of "plus symbols" and the avoidance of high-pressure, shaming tactics such as had been used in the World War I bond program. He warned that demonizing the enemy, or even using factual reports of atrocities, would cause the program to be labeled propaganda and rebound against it. He warned Morgenthau: "It would be easy to stampede the country into buying ... by frenetic appeals to fear or by frantic beating of the patriotic tom toms. But if you start a campaign that way you'll hear your appeals re-echo with a hollow sound before long."

He was a Democrat and in December 1957 announced that he would seek the party's nomination in the 1958 election to fill a seat in the Senate, but he also worked on bipartisan good government initiatives. and he was prominent in the protests by a group of Berkeley faculty against the anti-Communist loyalty oath. The economist F. Taylor Ostrander wrote of "[experiencing] political and even religious apostasy" because of Odegard's teaching at Williams College. Repr. New York: Octagon, 1966. The American Public Mind. New York: Columbia University, 1930. (with E. Allen Helms). American Politics: A Study in Political Dynamics. New York / London: Harper, 1938. Repr. New York: Arno, 1974. 2nd ed. with Hans H. Baerwald and William C. Havard, Harper, 1969. Prologue to November, 1940. New York: Harper, 1940. . (with Victor G Rosenblum). The Power to Govern: An Examination of the Separation of Powers in the American System of Government. Mount Vernon, New York(?), 1957. .