P. Kodanda Rao

Pandurangi Kodanda Rao (25 December 188923 July 1975) was an Indian social and independence activist who served as a member and secretary of the Indian socio-political organization Servants of India Society between 1922 and 1958. He was the private secretary to V. S. Srinivasa Sastri with whom he traveled as an advisor and delegate to multiple Round Table Conferences and other international conferences. Rao was also an associate of Indian freedom leader Mahatma Gandhi and assisted him in his campaigns against untouchability. Rao wrote extensively on topics including overseas Indians, emigration, immigration, and Indian politics under British rule.

Early life Rao was born in Visakhapatnam in the present day Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on 25 December 1889. He completed his Master of Arts degree from Presidency College from the University of Madras in 1915. He served the society for 37 years before stepping down in 1958. During this time, he served as the secretary of the society, starting in 1930, and was also the editor of the society's magazine Servant of India. He also served as the president of the Indian Council of World Affairs where he was based out of the council's Bangalore branch.

Rao served as the private secretary to V. S. Srinivasa Sastri between 1922 and 1932. He accompanied Sastri to the Round Table Conferences in London and South Africa. He also accompanied Sastri when he was the Agent General of the Government of India to South Africa between 1927 and 1928. He was also a member of the Indian delegation to the Round Table Conferences between India and South Africa in 1926 and 1932. He was also the advisor to India's delegate to the permanent migrations committee at the International Labour Organization in Montreal in 1946. He traveled extensively studying the conditions of Indians overseas. His biography of Sastri won the Watumull Memorial Prize in 1966. The two often exchanged extensive letters. In one of those letters, Gandhi clarified the role of Henry David Thoreau in shaping his views on Civil resistance.

Rao wrote extensively in various journals on topics relating to Indians overseas, emigration, immigration, and Indian politics under the British Rule. Writing in The New York Times in 1935, he decried the Government of India Act 1935 as limiting and preventing the country from moving towards freedom and a dominion status. He also wrote books including East vs West: Denial of Contrast, Culture Conflicts: Cause and Cure, and Foreign friends of India's freedom. Rao was the recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1963. He was also a member of the Deck Passenger Committee (1950) set up by the Ministry of Commerce to provide recommendations on passenger traffic services along the Indian coast.

Personal life Rao was married to Mary Louise Campbell Rao, an American, whom he met in Hawaii when he was there attending a conference on race relations. The couple met in 1936 and were married in 1937 in Poona. They lived their later years in Basavanagudi in Bangalore, in a house that was named 'Aloha'. In a dedication to his wife in his book East vs West, Rao wrote "She, of the occident, and I, of the orient deny East vs West and proclaim the Unity of Civilization". He also dedicated his book, Foreign Friends of India's Freedom, to his wife.

Rao died in Bangalore on 23 July 1975. He was aged 85.

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