Otto Förschner

Otto Förschner (4 November 1902 – 28 May 1946) was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) officer and a Nazi concentration camp commander. After serving with the Waffen-SS on the Eastern Front, Förschner worked as a senior official at the Buchenwald concentration camp (1942–1943) and later served as the commandant of Mittelbau-Dora (1943–1945) and Kaufering. Following the German defeat, he was convicted of war crimes by US occupation authorities at the Dachau trials and was hanged in May 1946.

Early life Förschner was born in the town of Dürrenzimmern (today part of Nördlingen), Bavaria on 4 November 1902, and was raised on a farm owned by his family. In 1922, he enlisted in the Reichswehr, and would remain a soldier for the next twelve years. Following his departure from the army in 1934, he became a member of the Schutzstaffel (SS), and was assigned to its military-wing, the SS-Verfügungstruppe, the organization that would eventually become the Waffen-SS.

SS career Between April 1934 and December 1936, Förschner attended the SS training camp at Bad Tölz, and became a member of the Nazi Party in 1937. During the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, he served as an officer with the 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking. After being wounded in action and declared medically unfit for combat duty, Förschner was transferred to the SS-Totenkopfverbände, Of particular concern for them was Förschner's practice of selecting prisoner functionaries almost exclusively from among the camp's German-Communist inmates.

Dead workers lie in uneven rows on floors of barracks at Nordhausen. Förschner's reputation in the Nazi party was badly damaged in November 1944, when many of the prisoner functionaries he had appointed were rounded up by the Gestapo and revealed to have been involved in resistance activities inside the camp, most notably the sabotage of V-weapons during the production process. After it was revealed that Förschner had failed to report a bonus payment of he had received from Mittelwerk GmbH, he was dismissed as commander of Mittelbau-Dora in February 1945, and replaced by former Auschwitz commandant Richard Baer.

After being relieved of command at Mittelbau-Dora, Förschner was transferred to Dachau, where he served briefly as commandant of the sub-camp of Kaufering.

Trial and conviction In April 1945, Förschner was taken prisoner by the US Army. He was a defendant in the Dachau concentration camp trial, in which he was indicted for war crimes stemming from his tenure at Kaufering. Namely, Förschner was charged with responsibility for the brutal conditions which prevailed in the camp and his role in the management of prisoner executions.

He was convicted by a US military tribunal and sentenced to death, along with 35 other co-defendants, on 13 December 1945. He was hanged at Landsberg Prison on 28 May 1946.