Nikolay Zabolotsky

Nikolay Alekseyevich Zabolotsky (; May 7, 1903 – October 14, 1958 ) was a prominent Soviet and Russian poet and translator. He was a member of the Union of Soviet Writers.

He was repressed in 1938, imprisoned from 1939 to 1943, and posthumously rehabilitated in 1963.

Life and work

Early life

Nikolay Alekseyevich Zabolotsky was born on May 7, 1903, in Kizicheskaya sloboda (now part of the city of Kazan). His father, Alexei Agafonovich Zabolotsky (1864–1929) was an agronomist, who managed a zemstvo agricultural farm. His mother, Lydia Andreevna (née Dyakonova) Zabolotsky (1882?-1926) was a teacher. While official biographical statements depicted him as a politically and sanitized Soviet poet, officially and unofficially published works showed that he had more spiritual and intellectual depth. By the 1930s, Zabolotsky modified his poetic style towards "socialist realism" in a move to produce acceptable ideological content.

Amidst Joseph Stalin's increased censorship of the arts, Zabolotsky fell victim to the Great Purge. Arrested in 1938, he was tortured, and accused of taking part of a counter-revolutionary plot with other Leningrad (St Petersburg) writers, including Nikolai Tikhonov, Konstantin Fedin, and Samuil Marshak - none of whom were arrested. He was sentenced to five years to Siberia. This sentence was prolonged until the war was over. In 1944 after his appeal he was freed of guard, but still continued the sentence in exile in Karaganda. In Siberia he continued his creative work and was occupied with translation of The Tale of Igor's Campaign. This followed with his release in 1945.

Upon his return to Moscow in 1946, Zabolotsky was restored as member of Union of Soviet Writers. He also translated several Georgian poets (including Shota Rustaveli's epic poem The Knight in the Panther's Skin, as well as more modern Georgian poets such as Vazha-Pshavela, Grigol Orbeliani, Davit Guramishvili) and traveled frequently to Georgia. Zabolotsky also resumed his work as an original poet. However, the literature of his post-exile years experienced drastic stylistic changes. His poetry began to take a more traditional, conservative form and was often compared to the work of Tyutchev.

Family

In 1930 he married Ekaterina Vasilyevna Klykova (1906–1997). They had two children:

Nikita Nikolaevich Zabolotsky (1932–2014), a candidate of biological sciences and author of biographical and memorial works about his father. Natalia Nikolaevna Zabolotskaya (b. 1937). In 1962 she married Nikolai Veniaminovich Kaverin, a virgologist and son of the writer Veniamin Kaverin.

His cousin was the children's writer Leonid Vladimirovich Dyakonov (1908–1995) .

Later life and death

The last few years of Zabolotsky's life were beset by illness. He suffered a debilitating heart attack and, from 1956 onward, spent much of his time in the town of Tarusa. A second heart attack claimed his life on October 14, 1958, in Moscow. He was buried at Novodevichy Cemetery.