Nikolaĭ Ivanovich Petrov

Nikolai Ivanovych Petrov (; 1840–1921) was a Russian theologian and philologist, who for several years worked in the Imperial Russian Southwestern Krai, one of founding members of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Petrov worked for the Kiev Theological Academy for approximately 40 years. In 1918 attended the Ukrainian Science Society Extraordinary General Assembly where an issue concerning the establishment of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences was discussed. Petrov was elected among the first academician of the newly established institution.

Works About origin and composition of the Slavic-Russian printing Prologue (, 1875) Outlines out of the history of Ukrainian literature of 19th century (, 1884) Description of manuscript collections located in the city of Kiev. The collection of manuscript of Metropolitan bishop of Moscow Makaria Bulgakov, Meletsky Monastery in Volhynia, Kiev Fraternity Monastery and Kiev Theological Seminary (, 1892) The Kiev Academy in the second half of the 17th century (, 1895) The first (Little Russian) period of his life and scientific and philosophical development of Hryhoriy Savvych Skovoroda (, 1902) Outlines out of the history of Ukrainian literature of 17th and 18th centuries (, 1911)