Mikhail Neiman

Mikhail Samoilovich Neiman (March 7, 1905, in Sevastopol, Russian Empire – June 25, 1975, in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet physicist, Doctor of Technical Sciences and professor. The main directions of his research were the study of the ultra-high frequency electromagnetic systems, theoretical and applied radio engineering, and automatic processes.

Life Neiman was born in Sevastopol in the family of Crimean Karaites. His father was an employee and his parents were also engaged in gardening. In 1922 Mikhail Neiman graduated from Simferopol general education college, and in 1928 from the Physics and Mechanics faculty of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute with specialty "Radio engineering" and qualification "engineer-physicist."

In 1926, being a student, he joined the Central Radio Laboratory (CRL) of the National Trust of electrical plants of the weak current. Here he began (and continued to 1941) his scientific and engineering activities in the field of short-wave transmitters. He also taught at the Leningrad State University, Leningrad Polytechnic Institute, and in 1938 became the head of the Department of Theoretical Radio Engineering at the Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute (LETI). In 1939 Neiman defended his doctoral thesis in the field of closed oscillating electromagnetic systems, and was confirmed in the rank of professor.

In February 1941, Neiman in a group of experts was sent on an assignment by People's Commissariat of Electrical Industry to the United States under a technical assistance contract with a leading radio company RCA. Shortly after the start of the war between Germany and the USSR (June 22, 1941) the "Government Purchasing Commission of the USSR in the USA" was organized to implement Lend-Lease. Among many other Soviet specialists, Neiman was employed there for the whole duration of the war. He was deputy chief of communications department.

From 1946 to 1974, Neiman headed the Department of radio transmitters and antenna-feeder devices at the Radio Electronics Faculty, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI).

Neiman was one of the organizers of the Radio Electronics Faculty, the chairman of its Scientific Council with the duties of the scientific supervisor of the faculty and the member of the Scientific Council of the MAI. With his active participation curricula and programs of the faculty were developed, "radio engineer" qualification for graduates was established. His textbook in two parts, "The course of transmitting devices" Similar ideas were also expressed by the American scientists R.F. Feynman and N. Wiener. Practical applications of using artificial DNA to store large amounts of information appeared only in the late 20th - early 21st century (see DNA digital data storage for more details).

In 1966-67, Neiman generalized negentropy principle of information to digital data processing systems, and defined the relation restrictions between their speed and energy level of the functioning of their elements. He made a number of fundamental assumptions of the theory of extracting information from the objective processes, identified the cause of her contradictions and paradoxes. Also he worked on the history and prospects of development of radioelectronics.

Neiman published over 90 scientific papers, including six books and textbook for higher school, which was released in two editions. For fruitful scientific, pedagogical and social activities, Neiman was awarded the Order "Badge of Honor" (1953) and three medals, in 1962 he was awarded the title "Honored Personality of Science and Technics of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic".