Maurice Collis

Maurice Stewart Collis (10 January 1889 – 12 January 1973) was an administrator in Burma (Myanmar) when it was part of the British Empire, and afterwards a writer on Southeast Asia, China and other historical subjects.

Life He was born in Dublin, the son of an Irish solicitor, and went to Rugby School in 1903 and then in 1907 to the University of Oxford, where he studied history. He entered the Indian Civil Service in 1911 and was posted to Burma in 1912. He had postings at Sagaing and elsewhere. In 1917, the British army raised a Burmese brigade with which Collis went to Palestine, but he saw no action. In 1919, he went on leave and travelled in Europe. In the 1920s he was district commissioner in Arakan. In the 1920s he lived in Kyaukpyu. In 1929–1930, a period when relations between Burmese, Indians and British became particularly difficult, he was district magistrate in Rangoon. This period is narrated in his memoir Trials in Burma. He gives special attention to the political trial of Jatindra Mohan Sengupta, mayor of Calcutta, for sedition in impromptu speeches made during a brief visit to Rangoon in 1930; also to two criminal trials which became politically charged because they brought to light underlying attitudes of British merchants and army officers to Burmese people. Collis's judgements were (according to his own analysis) too independent to be pleasing to the then British Government of Burma, arousing the particular disapproval of his superior, Booth Gravely, Commissioner of the Pegu Division. After giving judgement in the last of these trials Collis was hastily moved to the post of Excise Commissioner. After returning to England in 1934, he wrote many books, including Siamese White and Foreign Mud, as well as art and literary criticism. At the age of 65 he turned his hand to painting.

His younger brothers were the writer John Stewart Collis and Robert Collis, a notable doctor and author; John and Robert were twins.

Works

Autobiographies Trials in Burma (1930–31), Faber & Faber, 1938 (reissued 1953) The Journey Outward (1911–18), Faber & Faber, 1952 Into Hidden Burma (1919–34), Faber & Faber, 1953 The Journey Up: Reminiscences 1934-1968, Faber & Faber, 1970

Biographies Siamese White (about Samuel White and the Anglo-Siamese War of 1687), Faber & Faber, 1936 (revised 1951) The Grand Peregrination: Being the Life and Adventures of Fernão Mendes Pinto, Faber & Faber, London, 1949 Marco Polo, Faber & Faber, 1950 Cortés and Montezuma (about the Spanish conquest of Mexico), Faber & Faber, 1954 Nancy Astor: An Informal Biography, Faber & Faber, 1960 Raffles (Faber, London, 1966; about Stamford Raffles), Faber & Faber, 1966 Somerville and Ross: A Biography (about Edith Somerville and Violet Martin/"Martin Ross"), Faber & Faber, 1968 Stanley Spencer: A Biography (about the painter Stanley Spencer), Harvill Press, 1962

Histories The Great Within (Peking and the Forbidden City), Faber & Faber, 1941 British Merchant Adventurers (from the "Britain in Pictures" series), William Collins, 1942 The Land of the Great Image: Being Experiences of Friar Manrique in Arakan, Faber & Faber, 1943; New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1943. Translated into Portuguese in 1944 (Na terra da Grande Imagem. Livraria Civilização. Porto). Foreign Mud: Being an Account of the Opium Imbroglio at Canton in the 1830s and the Anglo-Chinese War That Followed, Faber & Faber, 1946 The First Holy One (about Confucius and his philosophy), Faber & Faber, 1948 Last and First in Burma (1941–48), Faber & Faber, 1956 The Hurling Time (England during the Fourteenth Century), Faber & Faber, 1958 Wayfoong: The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, Faber & Faber, 1965

Fiction She Was a Queen, Faber & Faber, 1937 Sanda Mala, Carrick & Evans, 1940 The Dark Door, Faber & Faber, 1940 Quest for Sita, Faber & Faber, 1946 The Mystery of Dead Lovers (with drawings by Cawthra Mulock), Faber & Faber, 1951 The Three Gods, Smythe, 1970

Drama The Motherly and Auspicious: Being the Life of the Empress Dowager Tzu Hsi in the Form of a Drama, with an Introduction and Notes, Faber & Faber, 1943 White of Mergen (illustrated by Feliks Topolski), Faber & Faber, 1945 Lord of the Three Worlds, (with designs by Topolski), Faber & Faber, 1947

Other Lords of the Sunset: A Tour in the Shan States (Collis toured the Shan States in Northern Burma in the winter of 1937, meeting the various local rulers, attending a funeral, and following a murder trial), Faber & Faber, 1938 Alva Paintings and Drawings, John Lane at the Bodley Head, 1942 The Descent of the God, Faber & Faber, 1948