Marietta Piccolomini

Marietta Piccolomini (; 5 March 1834 – 11 December 1899) was an Italian soprano. She was most famous for the role of Violetta in La Traviata by Giuseppe Verdi, which she performed in England, France, and the United States, as well as her native Italy. After her marriage in 1863, she retired from performing, making only rare charity or courtesy appearances thereafter.

Biography Marietta Piccolomini was born Maria Teresa Violante Piccolomini Clementini in Siena, Italy on 5 March 1834. She was descended from Italian noble House of Piccolomini, and her parents were horrified at her wanting to pursue a career in opera, but she succeeded in persuading them to allow her to do so.

From the age of four years, Marietta had amused herself at playing at mock theatrical representations. She used to sing duets with her mother, a skilful amateur, and she had been instructed by mezzosoprano Rosa Mazzarelli, and later trained with (1791–1877), one of the first professional singing teachers in Italy. It was under his guidance that she debuted at Florence's Teatro La Pergola in January 1852, taking the title role of Donizetti's Lucrezia Borgia and later also appearing in Crispino e la comare by Luigi and Federico Ricci. In November 1852 she was engaged at Rome's Teatro Argentina, where she performed in Donizetti's Poliuto, Antonio Cagnoni’s Don Bucefalo and Verdi's I masnadieri and I Lombardi alla prima crociata. In Pisa in 1853, she sang, among others, the title role in Luisa Miller, in Reggio Emilia, the same year, Leonora in Il trovatore, and in Turin, in 1855, Violetta in La Traviata, The response in Turin was a spectacle not seen before in the world of entertainment. Throngs surrounded her hotel. Men tried to unharness the horses from her carriage so that they might draw it through the streets themselves but she would not permit this.

International career

When word of her success in Turin reached Britain, she was invited to sing the British premiere of La Traviata at Her Majesty's Theatre in London, where she appeared for the first time on May 24, 1856. In spite of the doubts raised by music critics about her technical skills as a singer, audiences received her exceedingly well and she "was adopted at once as the pet (and afterwards how much petted!) child of Her Majesty's Theatre". On June 26, Piccolomini appeared for the first time as Maria, in La figlia del reggimento, and on July 26 in Don Pasquale. Although these performances revealed her inexperience, critics praised her dramatic ability. Following her season in England, Picolomini sang in Dublin with great success.

In 1858 Mademoiselle Piccolomini took part both in the first experimental winter season of Her Majesty's Theatre and in the ordinary one, revisiting some of her repertoire roles and presenting for the first time in London La zingara, a highly successful Italian version of Balfe's The Bohemian Girl (with all recitatives set to music), and Verdi's Luisa Miller, which was not however as warmly received. She also debuted the roles of Amina in La sonnambula by Vincenzo Bellini and Serpina in La serva padrona by Giovanni Paisiello.

After her usual tour around the provinces and in Dublin, in October she left for the United States, where she debuted at the New York Academy of Music with her favourite La Traviata, and then moved to Philadelphia and several other large American cities, proposing her repertoire of operas by Verdi, Donizetti, Paisiello and Mozart, and enjoying almost as much success as in London. After touring around the provinces as usual, she finally returned to Italy. and the following month she married the Marquis Francesco Caetani della Fargna (1824–1906), settling in Florence. Thereafter she retired from the stage, taking part only in rare charity concerts or making courtesy appearances. had to be held at the Drury Lane.

Marquise Caetani della Fargna died of pneumonia on 11 December 1899 at her villa in Florence. She is interred in the Cimitero delle Porte Sante at the Basilica di San Miniato al Monte.