Margaret Neilson Armstrong

Cover of Mrs. William Starr Dana's 1894 book According to Season, designed by Margaret Neilson Armstrong. Pride of California, Lathyrus Splendens, 1914. Watercolor, original of one of the illustrations in Armstrong's Field Book of Western Wild Flowers. Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Margaret Neilson Armstrong (1867–1944) was a 19th and early 20th-century American book cover designer, illustrator, and author. She is best known for her book covers influenced by Art Nouveau. She also wrote and illustrated the first comprehensive guide to wildflowers of the American west, Field Book of Western Wild Flowers (1915). In later life, she wrote two popular biographies and three mystery novels.

Life Margaret Neilson Armstrong was born on September 24, 1867, in New York City, the daughter of American diplomat and stained glass artist Maitland Armstrong and his wife Helen, who was a descendant of Peter Stuyvesant and a niece of Hamilton Fish. Her six siblings included Helen Maitland Armstrong (1869–1948), who followed in her father's footsteps to become a stained glass artist, and Hamilton Fish Armstrong, long-time editor of Foreign Affairs magazine.

She began her career as a book cover designer in the late 1880s, initially doing commissions for Charles Scribner's Sons and A.C. McClurg and later for other publishers as well. She designed more than 314 book covers and book bindings, about half of which were for Scribner's. Her later work was influenced by Art Nouveau and favored plant-related motifs, bold colors, gold stamping, and often slightly asymmetrical designs in compositions that often seemed to be moving while standing still. She describes those and many other species in her Field Book of Western Wild Flowers (1915). With its 550 illustrations (48 in color), her Field Book is considered the first comprehensive guide on the subject. After the completion of her Field Book, she moved on to editing her father and brother's works. In her sixties and seventies, she wrote three critically praised mystery novels—Murder in Stained Glass (1939), The Man with No Face (1940), and The Blue Santo Murder Mystery (1941)—and two biographies, Fanny Kemble: A Passionate Victorian (1938) and Trelawny: A Man's Life (1940).

She died in New York City in 1944.

Collections and exhibitions Collections of her book covers include those at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Library of Congress, and West Virginia University Libraries. Armstrong's book cover art has been exhibited posthumously at the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Watson Library, West Virginia University Libraries and the New York Society Library. Her botanical work is represented in the Metropolitan Museum of Art's collections and the collections of the New York Botanical Garden.

Books Field Book of Western Wild Flowers (1915) Five Generations (1930) Fanny Kemble: A Passionate Victorian (1938) Murder in Stained Glass (1939) Trelawny: A Man's Life (1940) The Man With No Face (1940) The Blue Santo Murder Mystery (1941)