Kurt Semm

Kurt Karl Stephan Semm (23 March 1927 – 16 July 2003) was a German gynecologist and pioneer in minimally invasive surgery. He has been called "the father of modern laparoscopy".

Early life and education Semm was born to Margarete and Karl Semm in Munich where he attended the Realgymnasium. At the end of World War II he was drafted for the Wehrmacht at the age of 16 and became briefly a Soviet prisoner of war. Upon his return he worked as a toolmaker.

In 1946, he was able to begin his medical studies at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. He received his MD degree in 1951 and worked at the II. Universitäts-Frauenklinik München. After his habilitation in 1958 he worked at the Frauenklinik Lindenstrasse. In 1964, the university named him Professor and he returned to the II. Universitäts-Frauenklinik. In 1970 Semm was named Director of the Gynecologic Services of the University of Kiel. Semm retired in 1995 and moved to Tucson, Arizona. He died from complications of Parkinson's disease.

Work Richard Fikentscher got Semm interested in the treatment of infertility. In 1957, Fikentscher, Semm and three other physicians founded of the Deutsche Gesellschaft zum Studium der Fertilität und Sterilität, renamed Deutsche Gesellschaft für Reproduktionsmedizin in 1998. In the 1960s Semm started to use laparoscopy – he named it pelviscopy

On 13 September 1980 Semm performed the first laparoscopic appendectomy opening up the path for a much wider application of minimally invasive surgery. At first, his operation was severely criticized. Initial attempts to publish it were rejected, and the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology indicated that his technique was "unethical". But Semm was tireless in advocating his techniques and gradually got some surgeons interested. In 1985 Erich Mühe showed that Semm's laparoscopic approach could be applied for cholecystectomy, and it became the gold standard within a decade and remains so. With the acceptance by general surgery, minimally invasive surgery expanded its applications.

Semm produced over 700 publications and spoke at over 1,300 national or international meetings and conventions. He made over 1,000 improvements to instruments. SLS The Society of Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgeons (1992) Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Fellow of the International College of Surgeons ad honorem (1992) Bundesverdienstkreuz (1995) Honorary member Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (1996) Pioneer in Endoscopy Award (Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons) (2002) Honorary membership of the International Society of Gynecological Endoscopy (2003) Kurt-Semm-Award, for video contributions in hysteroscopy and laparoscopic surgery by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe

Selected publications Semm K: Pelviskopie und Hysteroskopie – Farbatlas u. Lehrbuch. Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart 1976, Semm K: Atlas of gynecologic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Saunders, Philadelphia 1977, Semm K: Diapositiv-Atlas der Pelviskopie, Hysteroskopie und Fetoskopie. (1979)

Semm K: Operationslehre für endoskopische Abdominal-Chirurgie: operative Pelviskopie, operative Laparoskopie Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, Semm K: Pelviscopy - operative guidelines for "minimally invasive surgery" following an organ oriented classification. WISAP, Sauerlach b. München 1992, Semm K: Pelviskopie, ein operativer Leitfaden nach einer organ-orientierten Klassifizierung für „minimal invasive Chirurgie. WISAP, Sauerlach b. München 1991,

Semm K Operationen ohne Skalpell: ein Gynäkologe als Wegbereiter der Minimal Invasiven Medizin (Autobiografie), ecomed Verlag, Landsberg 2002, Mettler L, Semm K: Endoskopische Abdominalchirurgie in der Gynäkologie. Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart 2002,