Kiyoo Mogi

was a prominent seismologist. He was regarded as Japan's foremost authority on earthquake prediction and was a chair of the Japanese Coordinating Committee for Earthquake Prediction (CCEP). Mogi was also a director of the University of Tokyo's Earthquake Research Institute, a professor at Nihon University and a professor emeritus at Tokyo University. Due to the seismic activity in Japan, Mogi also took an interest in the safety of nuclear power in Japan.

In 1969, Mogi predicted that there was a possibility of a shallow magnitude 8.0 earthquake in the Tōkai region of Japan, an area that has experienced a number of previous large earthquakes. The Mogi doughnut is one of several pattern hypotheses that have been proposed.

Mogi model

In 1958, Mogi was responsible for a major advance in understanding the dynamics of volcanos. After studying data from several sources, he concluded that a mathematical solution developed by Yamakawa in 1955 could be used in the modelling of the deformation of a volcano caused by pressure changes in its magma chamber. The 'Mogi model' (also known as the 'Mogi-Yamakawa model' ) subsequently became the first commonly used quantitative method in volcanology, and is still widely used today.