Kineubenae

Chief Kineubenae (also recorded as Golden Eagle, Quinipeno, Quenebenaw, Quenepenon, etc.) (c. 1750–1812), was an 18th-century chief of the Mississauga Ojibwa, located on the north shore of Lake Ontario. His name Giniw-bine in the Anishinaabe language means "golden eagle[-like partridge]". He was a member of the Nigig-doodem (Otter Clan). Biography As the principal chief of the Mississaugas on Twelve Mile (Bronte) Creek, Kineubenae frequently represented the Mississaugas in negotiations with the Crown. Only after further pressure did he comply, along with a promise that the Mississaugas would keep the river mouths and their rights to the fisheries. But by 1806, Kineubenae was protesting against settler encroachments on the fisheries.

Death By 1812, most of the land previously held by the Mississaugas had been surrendered to the British. Kineubenae had become old and weak, and attempted to inspire others with the strength of his people's traditions.

A group of Mississaugas gathered around the old chief, and he explained that through a long fast he had obtained spiritual powers, with protection against arrows and bullets. To demonstrate this, he held a tin kettle and had one of the men fire at him, claiming that he would collect the musket ball in the kettle. The marksman fired and the chief died.

The circumstances of Kineubenae's death helped facilitate the later work of Peter Jones and others in converting demoralized Mississaugas to Christianity.