Carlos Arvelo

Carlos Arvelo Guevara (1 June 1784 – 17 October 1862) was a professor, and the first military doctor of Venezuela, and he played an important role in establishing health services in the country. Many places were named after him, including the municipality of Carlos Arvelo and the military hospital of Carlos Arvelo in Caracas.

Early life and education He was born in the town of Güigüe on June 1, 1784, to Idelfonso Fernando de Arvelo and Eugenia de Guevara.

Despite having no financial resources, he was able to study in the Real y Pontificia Universidad de Caracas (now Central University of Venezuela), thanks to a special scholarship granted by the Board of Inspection of the university, due to his financial status and being outstanding in his studies,

At the beginning of his medical studies he began an internship at the "Hospital General de Caridad" (General Hospital of Charity), being appointed by one of his professors, Alejandro Echezuría, and with the authorization of the Rector of the university.

When not studying, he accompanied Felipe Tamaris, his professor, who let Arvelo assist him in difficult cases.

War of Independence In 1810 he joined the Farmers' Squadron of the army fighting for independence from Spain, with the rank of Captain-Surgeon. He became the director of the Military Hospital of Caracas in 1811. Bolivar described the attention Arvelo offered to wounded soldiers as "impeccably humane".

Later life In 1822 he was part of a Commission in charge of studying an improvement plan for the Central University of Venezuela, along with José Vargas and other doctors. He then became leader of the reform that opened the way to the creation of the Medical Faculty of Caracas, which was achieved in 1827 by a Decree from Bolivar dated June 25 of that year, replacing the old Protomedicato founded in 1777 by Lorenzo Campins and Ballester.

In 1827 Arvelo Guevara was appointed director of the chair of Internal Pathology and Therapeutics of the Central University of Venezuela (UCV). A year later he earned the chair of Practical and Internal Medicine, in which he remained for twenty years. In addition, he was Vice Chancellor of the university in 1834 and principal director of the Faculty of Medicine the following year. In 1846 he occupied the position of Rector of the UCV. Commissioned by the National Government, in 1852 Arvelo Guevara supervised experimental research for treatment of measles during an epidemic that broke out in Venezuela. His rigorous inspection facilitated control of the disease.

Marriage and death He married Manuela Echeandía, daughter of the Colombian Colonel Manuel de Echeandía, in 1826. They had six sons, including Carlos, a doctor like his father and future rector of Caracas University. His wife died in 1861. One of his sons was killed during the war. Arvelo died on October 17, 1862, in Maiquetía. His remains were moved to the National Pantheon on 16 December 1942.

Positions Member, together with José María Vargas, of the project of reforms of the Royal and Pontifical University of Caracas (1822) Co-founder of the Medical Instruction Society of Venezuela (1822) Vice-president of UCV (1834) Rector of UCV (1846) Senator and State counsellor (1849–1859) Member of the Board of Abolition of Slavery (1855)