Austin Woolfolk

Austin Woolfolk (17961847) was an American slave trader and plantation owner. Among the busiest slave traders in Maryland, he trafficked more than 2,000 enslaved people through the Port of Baltimore to the Port of New Orleans, and became notorious in time for selling Frederick Douglass's aunt, and for assaulting Benjamin Lundy after the latter had criticized him.

Biography Austin Woolfolk was born in 1796 in the U.S. state of Georgia. He served as lieutenant in Andrew Jackson's army during the War of 1812, serving under his father Colonel William Woolfolk. Woolfolk participated in the Battle of New Orleans. He moved to Baltimore in 1815 or 1819, where he married Emily Sparks in 1839 with whom he had four children, two of which were adopted.

Woolfolk became a slave trader in Baltimore, where he had an office on Pratt Street, with a pen where he kept his slaves. Woolfolk died February 10, 1847 in Auburn, Alabama.

Austin Woolfolk's brothers, Samuel Martin Woolfolk, Joseph Biggers Woolfolk, and Richard Woolfolk, and two of his uncles, John Woolfolk of Augusta, Georgia, and Austin Woolfolk, also worked in the slave trade. Woolfolk of New Orleans sold an enslaved man named Jim to William R. Barrow in 1825.

One Augustin Woolfolk may also have been a relation and slave trader.

The stranger, in passing along West Platt street, between Fremont and Poppleton, in this conservative old city of Baltimore, will notice with interest an old-fashioned house that stands on the north side of the way high above the sidewalk. It is a stone structure, of antique design, two stories in height, with little square windows that more clearly indicate the extreme age of the building than anything else about it. It is in the centre of an old yard that might have been green with verdure when the big gaunt trees that are bending and splitting under their far-reaching boughs were much younger than they are now; the walls are blackened by the hand of time, and the steep roof is crumbling under the coating of soft moss.

The stone wall of the yard that bounds the lot on Pratt street has two rusty iron doors in it, which mark tho entrances two large cavernous passages that extend beneath the yard. If you should open them, (though such a thing has not been done for these many years), you would find yourself in an archway that leads into utter darkness. Light your way along either of the passages, amid the dust and cobwebs, frightening the rats and spiders in their solitary domain, and you would emerge into a square cell, floored and walled with solid blocks of granite, with here and there a rusty iron ring imbedded in the stone, which at once suggests to your mind the nature of the place you are in. There are other iron doors to be distinguished in dark corners, and if you should draw their bolts you should come upon other strong cells, like the first, eight in all. Some of them have trap doors at the top opening into the old house above, and in others rusty chains still hang from bolted rings, awakening sad visions of oppression.

There is not much more to be seen here but damp dirt, spreading cobwebs and perhaps the wreck of a beer keg from the bar up-stairs, for the old house is now used as a saloon by an humble Teuton and his wife, while the surrounding grounds are a popular evening resort with the poor but worthy residents of the neighborhood, where they sip their lager and gossip beneath the broad foliage of the noble old trees. This is Wolfoulk's Jail, at one time the best known and most flourishing slave jail in all the South.