Aurelio José Figueredo

Aurelio José Figueredo (born December 27, 1955) is an American evolutionary psychologist. He is a professor of psychology, Family Studies and Human Development at the University of Arizona, where he is also the director of the Ethology and Evolutionary Psychology Laboratory. He is also a member of the interdisciplinary Center for Insect Science at the University of Arizona. His major areas of research interest are the evolutionary psychology and behavioral development of life history strategy, cognition, sex, and violence in human and nonhuman animals, and the quantitative ethology and social development of insects, birds, and primates. He is known for his research on personality, such as a 1997 study in which he and James E. King developed the Chimpanzee Personality Questionnaire to measure the Big Five personality traits in chimpanzees.

In 2017, Figueredo was recognized as a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, of which he is a Charter Member, and in 2010 he received the George A. Miller Award for coauthoring the "Outstanding Recent Article on General Psychology" from the American Psychological Association. A formal response to the controversy regarding the conference was co-signed by fifteen academic attendees, including Figueredo, and was published in Intelligence in 2018. The response stated that only a small proportion of the talks presented there were on eugenics or race differences. In 2009 Figueredo coauthored a paper for the journal Twin Research and Human Genetics with J. Philippe Rushton, the Pioneer Fund's president at the time, on the heritability of individual differences in life history. The paper was related to Rushton's differential K theory. Describing Figueredo's frequent citation of Rushton's work, Inside Higher Education said that the Rushton's theory "was widely criticized as racist and based on shaky science".