Arthur Smith Woodward

Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, FRS

Biography Woodward was born in Macclesfield, Cheshire, England and was educated there and at Owens College, Manchester. He joined the staff of the Department of Geology at the Natural History Museum in 1882. He became assistant Keeper of Geology in 1892, and Keeper in 1901. He was appointed Secretary of the Palaeontographical Society and in 1904, was appointed President of the Geological Society. He was elected in June 1901 a Fellow of the Royal Society

He was the world expert on fossil fish, writing his Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (1889–1901). His travels included journeys to South America and Greece. In 1901, for the trustees of the Natural History Museum, he made excavations of fossil bones from Pikermi (near Athens). His contribution to palaeoichthyology resulted in him receiving many awards, including a Royal Medal from the Royal Society in 1917, the Lyell and Wollaston Medals of the Geological Society, the Linnean Medal of the Linnean Society, the Bolitho Medal of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall and the Clarke Medal of the Royal Society of New South Wales. He retired from the museum in 1924. In 1942 Woodward was awarded the Mary Clark Thompson Medal from the United States National Academy of Sciences.

Woodward's reputation suffered from his involvement in the Piltdown Man hoax where he gave a name to a new species of hominid from southern England, which was ultimately discovered (after Woodward's death) to have been a forgery.

Woodward was a leading advocate of orthogenesis. He believed there was a general trend in evolution from the fossil record and speculated that the human brain might have been the product of such a trend. He discussed his views on human evolution in his book The Earliest Englishman (1948).

He married Maud Leanora Ida Seeley, the daughter of zoologist Harry Govier Seeley, in 1894.

Woodward died in Haywards Heath, Sussex, in 1944 at the age of 80.

Collections Woodward's library was purchased by University College London in 1945 with assistance from Marie Stopes. The collection spans c.2500 items; many books contain autograph letters to Woodward, including correspondence from Florentino Ameghino, Charles Barrois, Georg Baur, and Bashford Dean.