Arthur Engoron

Arthur F. Engoron ( ; born 1949 ) is an American judge serving on the New York Supreme Court since 2013. He presided over the New York civil investigation of the Trump Organization in 2024.

Early life and education Engoron was born in Queens, New York City. He and his family later moved to East Williston, New York. He spent four years as a drummer before enrolling at the New York University School of Law,

Career Engoron started his legal career at Olwine, Connelly, Chase, O'Donnell & Weyher, a now-defunct firm in New York City. He then worked for the New York City office of Pryor Cashman from 1981 to 1983, leaving to pursue a musical career. He spent seven years teaching piano and drums. an Administrative Law Judge for the Social Security Administration.

In 2002, Engoron was elected judge to the New York City Civil Court. In 2013, he was appointed acting justice to the Manhattan Supreme Court. He ran unopposed for a permanent position to that court in 2015. On February 16, Engoron levied a $355 million fine on Trump for civil fraud. He ruled that Trump is not allowed to run a company in New York state for three years. However, Engoron did not order the dissolution of Trump's company. The New York State Commission on Judicial Conduct began an investigation into Engoron after an outside attorney claimed to have spoken with Engoron about the relevant fraud statute in the case three weeks prior to Engoron's verdict. New York State’s Office of Court Administration issued this statement: "No ex parte conversation concerning this matter occurred between Justice Engoron and Mr. Bailey or any other person". Engoron denied any impropriety and said he was uninfluenced in his decision-making by the conversation he had with Mr. Bailey. On August 22, 2025, the New York appeals court overturned the $355 million civil fraud judgment, but not the fraud case. In addition, sanctions that Engoron had imposed on Trump's attorneys were overturned, with the appeals court writing that Engoron's decisions were "sometimes conclusory and insufficiently rigorous in their legal analysis."

Personal life Engoron is a fan of pop culture references, frequently using them in his rulings. He has drafted and pitched a screenplay for a historical romantic drama about Holocaust survivors. He is a Democrat.

Engoron has been married three times and has four children.