Ali Pasha of Gucia

Ali Pashe Gucia (1828 – 5 March 1888) was an Albanian military commander and one of the leaders of the League of Prizren. He governed, as an Ottoman kaymakam (sub-governor), an area in what is today eastern Montenegro around Plav and Gusinje. He was commonly known as Ali Pashë Gucia or Ali Pasha of Gusinje in some English sources . He was the leader of the Albanian irregular troops of the League of Prizren against the Principality of Montenegro at the Battle of Novšiće. He was governor of the area of Plav and Gusinje located in a valley between steep mountains.

Biography Ali Pasha was born in an Albanian family in 1828 in Gusinje, to landowner Hasan Pasha Shabanagaj. The Shabanagaj were from the Gruemiri tribe (fis) and were related via marriage with the Bushati family of Shkodra. Shaban Aga, their eponymous ancestor was the son-in-law of Sulejman Pasha Bushati, sanjakbey of Shkodra. He was sent in Gusinje as the commander of the fortress around 1690. The Shabanagaj family owned large estates in Berane. He finished Turkish-language school in medresa in Peja and military school in Istanbul. In 1845 Ali was appointed as kaymakam (sub-governor) of Gusinje, succeeding his father on this position. In the 1860s he supported the uprising of northern Albanian Muslim tribes against Tanzimat reforms which reduced their privileged status. He became one of League's founders and military commanders in the region of Plav and Gusinje. He later used his forces against the Ottoman Empire. In the early phases of the attack against Mehmed Ali Pasha he commanded the volunteer troops that blocked the routes from Gjakova to the Ottoman-Montenegrin border. He was also the leader of the Albanian troops of the League of Prizren against the Principality of Montenegro at the Battle of Novšiće. Members of the League of Prizren, with Ali Pashë Gucia (sitting) first from the left on the first row. After the irregulars of the League of Prizren were crushed by the Ottomans in 1881, Ali Pashë Gucia was arrested. He was released after the Sultan gave general amnesty. Ali Pasha was appointed to the position of mutesarrif of the Ottoman Sanjak of İpek because he did not object the Ottoman rule and maintained a close connection with the Porte throughout the conflict being more concerned to prevent Montenegro to capture Plav and Gusinje. In 1881, during his visit to Istanbul, he was promoted to the rank of beylerbey.

Death An attempt to assassinate Ali Pasha was undertaken in the Rugova Canyon on 29 November 1887, organized by Albanian nationalist Haxhi Zeka, which he survived but died on 5 March 1888.

Lahuta e Malcis The exploits of Ali Pashë Gucia presented material for myth making and in the Albanian national epic poem The Highland Lute he is presented as a blazing hero and is the central figure of the 8th canto and one of the important figures of the 9th canto.