Abdul Razak Ahmad

Abdul Razak Ahmad (born June 6, 1939 – Aug 12, 2007) was a human rights lawyer and socialist politician who served as deputy president of the Parti Rakyat Malaysia in the 1980s and 1990s.

He contested in general elections from the 1970s to 2004 but did not win a seat in 14 contests, although he once came within 22 votes of defeating his opponent. He also gained nationwide notoriety for protesting against a visit to Singapore by an Israeli president by lying across a railway track. Razak died at the Sultanah Aminah Hospital in Johor Baru where he had been admitted after suffering from chest pains. At the time of his passing in 2007, he left behind his wife Kintan Mohd Amin and four children Zulkifli, Juliah, Faizal and Azlina.

Political activism A native of the Southern Malay state of Johor, Abdul Razak attended Sekolah Melayu, Ngee Heng School and Johor English College before he was admitted in 1963 to what was then the University of Malaysia's Singapore campus - 1963 being the year in which Singapore joined the Federation of Malaysia.

Abdul Razak was awarded a Johor state scholarship to study law, and eventually became chairman of the University Socialist Club, a left-wing student group that had in 1954 experienced the first sedition trial in post-war Malaysia and Singapore.

By 1966, when he was completing his final year, Singapore had already declared independence from Malaysia and he was detained and banished by the Singapore Government, allegedly for promoting student riots and subversive communist front activities.

Like many of Malaysia and Singapore's socialists who operated within the democratic system and were not supporters of the banned Malayan Communist Party, Abdul Razak always denied this accusation. For the remainder of his life, he would be unhappy at being barred from entering Singapore, particularly as he lived just across the causeway in Johor.

As a political activist and lawyer, he became a leading figure in Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia (PSRM) in Johor.

Abdul Razak was known for championing the cause of the common man, such as fishermen, workers and urban settlers. In 1975, he was detained for two months under Malaysia's Internal Security Act for leading a demonstration over land rights for squatters.

He had camped with 200 squatters outside a government building in Johor Bahru and was detained for this. After his release from detention, he was placed under a restricted movement order which required him to stay indoors for most of the day for a period of two years.

During this time Abdul Razak became a mainstay of PSRM at the national level, particularly as two other prominent leaders, Kassim Ahmad and Syed Husin Ali, were detained under the Internal Security Act for five and six years respectively.

In 1986 he made headline news when he laid down across a railway track in Johor Baru in an attempt to stop a Singapore-bound train in protest at the visit of then Israeli president Chaim Herzog to the republic. It was an action that he carried out in solidarity with the cause of oppressed Palestinians and coincided with the peak of his popularity with the electorate.

Election contests Abdul Razak contested in numerous elections for both Parliament and state seats in Johor and was defeated on 14 occasions in eight MP contests and six state seat races. He often ran grassroots campaigns against Umno ministers such as Mohamed Rahmat, Shahrir Abdul Samad and Mohamed Khaled Nordin.

In 1974, in his first election contest, Abdul Razak ran in the Pulai (federal constituency) as a PSRM candidate losing to Mohamed Rahmat who garnered 18,835 votes while Abdul Razak only managed 6,015 losing by a margin of 12,820.

In the 1982 Malaysian general election, he contested in the Johor Bahru (federal constituency) against Shahrir Samad. Shahrir who was representing Umno got 47,825 votes and Abdul Razak got 21,288 votes, losing by 26,537 votes against the incumbent.

1986 saw Abdul Razak at the peak of his popularity as he enjoyed a 16 percent swing against Shahrir in the contest for the Johor Bahru parliamentary seat. This time Shahrir bagged 19,349 votes and Abdul Razak got 17,114 votes, thus reducing the majority to 2,235 votes.

He also lost in the Puteri Wangsa state seat to Umno's Abdul Halim Suleiman who got 14,677 votes while Abdul Razak got 2,338, losing by 12,340.