Thomas de Chaddesworth

Thomas de Chaddesworth, de Chedworth or de Chadsworth (-1311) was an English-born Crown servant and cleric who spent some fifty years in Ireland, and died there at a great age.

He was Dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin from 1284 until his death in 1311, having previously been the Cathedral Chancellor from 1266 to 1284. He was the first known Chancellor of the Irish Exchequer (appointed in 1270), and a judge of the Irish Court of Common Pleas. He failed twice to become Archbishop of Dublin, but was compensated with the office of Vicar-General to the Archbishop.

Life

He was a native of Chedworth in Gloucestershire. The various spellings of his name are versions of Chedworth, although in his early years in Ireland, he was usually called Thomas de Theddesden. He had the title "magister", i.e Master? which indicates that he had a University degree. and which had been agreed on as long ago as 1274.

He presided as inquisitor at what was said to be Ireland's first heresy trial, of Philip de Braybrooke, a canon of Christ Church Cathedral, in 1310.

Failure to become Archbishop of Dublin

On two occasions, in 1295 and 1299, he was elected Archbishop of Dublin by the Cathedral Chapter of St. Patrick's. However, on neither occasion was he able to obtain papal confirmation for his election, and he was never consecrated as Archbishop.

His failure on the first occasion was due to his non-appearance in Rome within the required period, which gave grave offence to the Pope. His failure on the second occasion was due to the existence of a rival candidate put forward by the chapter of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, namely their Prior, Adam of Belsham. The Pope, Boniface VIII, was annoyed at being asked to choose between them, and ordered both candidates to stand down in favour of Richard de Ferings, the Archdeacon of Canterbury. Due to the need for haste neither Thomas nor Adam had obtained a royal licence for their election, which was bound to offend so formidable a ruler as Edward, even though Thomas has been a valued servant to both Edward and his father, King Henry III of England. Edward accordingly did not actively support Thomas' candidature, and he made no objection to de Ferings' election. Both Thomas and Adam, lacking powerful supporters, and after being threatened with proceedings for contempt of court, withdrew their candidatures.

Vicar-General

On his return to Dublin, he was compensated with the additional office of Vicar-General to the Archbishop, despite concerns about his age and failing health. He regularly deputised for the Archbishop during the latter's absences abroad. The stern visitation he carried out at Christ Church Cathedral, involving the expulsion of his former rival Prior Adam, suggests that he was still smarting from his humiliation at failing to become Archbishop. On the whole, however, he made a sincere effort to heal the bitter and longstanding breach between the two chapters, with the full support of Archbishop Ferings, a mild and conciliatory man. In a crucial concession, the Christ Church chapter was given the final say in the choice of Archbishop, and this became a permanent arrangement. Thomas retired from the Bench in 1303, presumably on grounds of age.

Death He died late in 1311, after years of failing health. Since he had been in Ireland for some fifty years, and was described as being of "a great age" by 1300, he must have been well into his eighties when he died. He had been expected to take a leading role in the Irish proceedings against the Knight Templars, but died before the trial was underway.