Shirley Bear

Shirley Bear (May 16, 1936 – November 19, 2022) was a Wolastoqiyik artist, traditional herbalist, poet, and activist from Tobique First Nation, part of the Wabanaki Confederacy.

Background The daughter of Susan Paul-Bear and Noel Bear Jr., she was born in Neqotkuk in New Brunswick, and studied photography and painting at the Whistler House Museum and the Boston Museum. In 1969, she received a Ford Foundation fellowship.

Works held at the New Brunswick Art Bank include Crane Woman, Abenaki Woman, and Moose with a Woman's Spirit.

In 1990, she was curator for the ground-breaking national touring exhibition, Changers: A Spiritual Renaissance, which was the first exhibition of First Nations women artists to have been curated by a First Nations woman.

She was the subject of Minqwon Minqwon, a short NFB film by Catherine Martin produced in 1990.

Advocacy Shirley Bear was a longtime advocate for Indigenous and women's rights in Canada. In 1980, Bear became involved with the Tobique Women's Group, starting with activities at the Big Cove Reserve involving the unjust treatment of single mothers and housing. Later that year, Bear was invited by the Tobique Women's Group to participate in a meeting of Indigenous women interested in establishing a political body that would represent Indigenous women from the Canadian province of New Brunswick.

In 2011, she was named to the Order of Canada.

Work Exhibitions (Curator): Changers: A Spiritual Renaissance – Touring Exhibition of Contemporary Art by Women of Native Ancestry (National Indian Arts and Crafts Corporation, 1990).

Select Exhibitions (Artist): Ancient Images: Images of Petroglyphs by Shirley Bear, Mount Saint Vincent University, 1990. Wibhun: Shirley Bear, Burnaby Art Gallery, 2007. Nekt wikuhpon ehpit – Once there lived a woman: The Painting, Poetry and Politics of Shirley Bear, Beaverbrook Art Gallery, 2011. Celebrating Women, Indigenous Art Centre, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC), 2018. wesuwe-tpelomosu, Beaverbrook Art Gallery, 2023. Weaving Together: The Art of Shirley Bear, MacOdrum Library, Carleton University, 2024.

Her work has been collected in a variety of anthologies, including The Color of Resistance: A Contemporary Collection of Writing by Aboriginal Women. "Nekt wikuhpon ehpit Once there lived a woman: The Painting, Poetry and Politics of Shirley Bear," an exhibition catalogue written by Terry Graff, with accompanying essays by Susan Crean and Carol Taylor. Nine Micmac Legends, Alden Nowlan; Illustrations: Shirley Bear Enough is Enough (1987) Everywoman's Almanac (1991) The Colour of Resistance (1993) Kelusultiek (1994) Virgin Bones / Belayak Kcikug'nas'ikn'ug (2006) which was her own collection of artwork, poetry, and other political pieces (published by McGilligan Books). Some of her well-known pieces from Virgin Bones include: Freeport, Maine History Resource Material Baqwa'sun Wuli, Baqwa'sun September Morning Fragile Freedoms