Richard Simpson

Richard Simpson (or Sympson) (c. 1553 – 24 July 1588) was an English priest, martyred in the reign of Elizabeth I. He was born in Well, in Yorkshire. Little is known of his early life, but according to Challoner's Memoirs of Missionary Priests, he became an Anglican priest, but later converted to Catholicism. He was imprisoned in York as a Catholic recusant; on being released, he went to Douai College, where he was admitted on 19 May 1577. But it is known that the ordination took place in Brussels within four months of his admission to the seminary, and that on 17 September, Simpson set out for England to work as a missionary priest. He carried out his ministry in Lancashire and Derbyshire.

According to Challoner, Simpson was arrested and banished in 1585, but returned quickly to England. He was imprisoned in Derby, and was condemned to death for treason at the Lenten Assizes. However, he was reprieved until the Summer Assizes.

Traditional accounts of Simpson's life state that the stay of execution was granted because he had given some indication that he would conform and attend an Anglican service, or hear a sermon. Sweeney offers an alternative explanation for his reprieve.

On 24 July 1588, the three priests were drawn on hurdles to the place of execution, where they were hanged, drawn, and quartered. Simpson was apparently to have been executed first, but reports state that Garlick hastened to the ladder before him and kissed it, going up first, either because, as suggested by Anthony Champney, Simpson was showing some signs of fear, or, as suggested by Challoner, Garlick suspected that there was a danger that his companion's courage might fail him. Simpson was next to die, and an eyewitness, quoted in Challoner, said that he "suffered with great constancy, though not with such (remarkable) signs of joy and alacrity as the other two." says:

What he said to his executioner I cannot hear, but embracing the ladder he kissed the steps. When he was in quartering, the people cried out, 'A devil, a devil', because he had on him a shirt of hair; but the wiser sort said he wore it because he had fallen.

A poem by an anonymous writer, who seems to have been present at the executions, and is quoted in Challoner, describes the executions as follows:

When Garlick did the ladder kiss, And Sympson after hie, Methought that there St. Andrew was Desirous for to die.

When Ludlam lookèd smilingly, And joyful did remain, It seemed St. Stephen was standing by, For to be stoned again.

And what if Sympson seemed to yield, For doubt and dread to die; He rose again, and won the field And died most constantly.

His watching, fasting, shirt of hair; His speech, his death, and all, Do record give, do witness bear, He wailed his former fall.

Richard Simpson and his two companions were declared venerable in 1888, and were among the eighty-five martyrs of England and Wales beatified by Pope John Paul II on 22 November 1987.