Richard Edes Harrison

Richard Edes Harrison (March 11, 1901 – January 5, 1994) was an American scientific illustrator and cartographer. He was the house cartographer of Fortune and a consultant at Life for almost two decades. He played a key role in "challenging cartographic perspectives and attempting to change spatial thinking on the everyday level during America’s rise to superpower status". Susan Schulten considers Harrison's maps "critical to the history of American cartography."

Biography

Richard Edes Harrison's father was the biologist Ross Granville Harrison. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1901. He spent his youth in New Haven and went to Yale College where he graduated with a major in zoology and a minor in chemistry. During World War II, his cartographic visualizations became very popular. In his maps and atlases, Harrison argued for examining geographic issues from multiple perspectives and breaking from conventions, such as overuse of the Mercator projection, and always placing north at the top of the map. His World representation using an azimuthal projection that was first published by Fortune in August 1941 under the title "The World Divided" became highly popular and was widely copied. He wanted to illustrate that "the entire conflict pivots around the U.S". The US Army ordered 18000 copies of it. The design of the United Nations logo was influenced by his azimuthal projection. His distinctive feature of the time was the usage of tilted perspective.

Harrison always considered himself more of an artist than a cartographer, but he had a highly successful career making maps for Fortune and Time. He was from 1936 to 1938 on the staff of Fortune. He worked from the 1940s to the 1950s as a map consultant at the State Department, and was also employed by the Office of Strategic Services (the precursor of the CIA) and the Museum of Modern Art. He lectured at Clark, Syracuse, Columbia and Trinity Universities. He was a member of the American Geographical Society and the Royal Geographical Society.

Gallery

Publications

Harrison, Richard Edes (1945). Maps and How to Understand Them. New York: Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corporation. Harrison, Richard Edes (1963). The Ginn World Atlas. Boston: Ginn and Company Dickinson, Robert L. and Harrison, RIchard Edes (1971). New York Walk Book. Garden City, NJ: Doubleday.